Read Chronology Themes Tablets Engine About

Read
Chronology
Themes
Tablets
Engine
About

Sumerian · Book

Reading the tablets…

A curated narrative reconstruction of humanity's first great civilization, sourced from the tablets themselves. Open scholarship, beautifully accessible.

The site

About the project The engine Dossiers FAQ Methodology Sources & licensing Provenance & ethics Contact & support

Legal

Independent scholarship · No academic affiliation · No institutional funding · Tablet imagery attributed per item via CDLI, ETCSL, ORACC, Wikimedia, and public museum collections.

Home
All tablets

The corpus

All tablets.

Every tablet in the corpus — sortable by date, title or period; filterable by theme and period. Use the controls below or change the URL parameters directly.

Sort

Oldest first Newest first Title (A–Z)By period

Theme

Religion & Myth Law Economy Astronomy & Mathematics Daily Life Writing & Literature

Period

Ubaid Uruk Period Early Dynastic Akkadian Empire Ur III · Neo-Sumerian Old Babylonian Old Assyrian Middle Babylonian Middle Assyrian Neo-Assyrian Neo-Babylonian Achaemenid Persian

Source

Editorial Sumerian literature Sumerian royal Assyrian royal Assyrian archives

1,744 of 102,257 tablets · 4 filters activeClear filters

1201–1250 of 1744

Page 25 / 35

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 4768

(obverse) M157~a (heading sign) — [no quantity] M387~i M387~i M054 — 5 (units, N01) [...] — 5 (units, N01) |M305+M136~c| M354 — 1 (N14, i.e. ten units) [...] [...] — [...] 1 (N30C) 1 (N30D) 1 (N39C) 1 (N34) (reverse: uninscribed)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 4769

(Heading:) M157 M177~a M388 M032 M297 M288 — 1(N14) M348 M288 — 1(N01) 1(N39B) M292 M388 M146 M032 M332~g [...] — 1(N14)(?) [...] M347 M219(?) M101 — 1(N14) (reverse / summation) M288 — 3(N14) 1(N01) 1(N39B)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 4770

(Obverse) M157 (heading sign) [...] — M206~d: 1 (unit) M153+M320+M153 — M206~d: 6 (units) M195+M038~a — M206~d: 2 (units) [... ...]: 2 (units) M206~d: 9 (units) (Summary / reverse) M288: 1(N14) 5(N01) 2(N39B) 1(N24) 1(N34)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 4771

(obverse) M401 (heading / label sign) M393~a M340 [x x x] M054 : 3(N01) M288 : 1(N01) 2(N39B) 1(N24) M054 : 1(N01) M265 : 1(N01) M354 : 1(N01) M286(?) — sign damaged M297~b : 2(N01) 2(N39B) 1(N24) 1(N30D) 1(N39C) (total / final entry) 1(N34) Rendered as a ledger, so far as the numerical notations can be read: Heading: M401. Entry: M393~a M340 [three illegible signs] M054 — 3 units (N01). Entry: M288 — 1 unit (N01), 2 (N39B), 1 (N24). Entry: M054 — 1 unit (N01). Entry: M265 — 1 unit (N01). Entry: M354 — 1 unit (N01). Entry: M286 (broken, reading uncertain). Entry: M297~b — 2…

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 4776

(Obverse) 1. M157 — (heading) 2. M005~a M213~b M346 — 2 (units) 3. M005~a (x) [...] — [2 (units)] 4. [...] — 2 (units) 5. M249~c M001 — 2 (units) 6. M131 M388 [...] — 2 (units) 7. [...] M388 M260~1 M260~1 — 2 (units) 8. M075~ab [...] (remainder of line lost) 9. [M346] — [...] 2 (units) 10. 2 (units) (Reverse: uninscribed / surface blank and broken) Note: the counted commodity is not named in any surviving line; all preserved quantities are written with the numeral sign N01, twice in each entry, in the decimal-type system used for discrete counted objects.

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 4782

(Obverse) (heading) M157~a M387~a M036 — 1(N39B) 1(N30C)(?) M387 M036 — 1(N39B) 1(N30C) M387~ef M036 — 1(N39B) 1(N30C) |M260~1 + 1(N24)| — 1(N01) M288 — 3(N39B) 1(N24) (total) 1(N34) (Reverse: uninscribed / surface blank)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 4786

(Heading) M157~a M038~i(?) M141 M086 |M036+1(N24)| — 4(N01) |M036+1(N30C)| — 1(N14) 2(N01) M140~a M288 — 1(N39B) M262~b — 1(N01) M262~ba — 1(N01)# [...] — 1(N01) M248~a M002 — 1(N30D) |M343~h+1(N30C)| M037 M288 — 1(N01) 1(N39B)# (Total) M288 — 2(N01) 4(N39B) 1(N24) 2(N30C) 1(N30D)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 4787

(obverse, column entries) [...] , [...] — 1(N45) 9(N14) 2(N01) […] [...] — 2(N14) 4(N01) 3(N39B) 1(N30C) M203~c M288 — 6(N14) [...] [...] M387~i M387~i M054 M288 — 4(N14) 3(N39B) 1(N30C) M340 [...] — [...] [...] — [...] 1(N01) M054 […] M288 — 3(N01) M371(?) […] […] M048~c M288 — 4(N14) [...] (The remaining surfaces — the four edges and the reverse — are uninscribed or too abraded to bear legible signs.)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 4788

Obverse 1. [...] — 4(N14) [40] 2. [...] M288 — 1(N14) 2(N01) [12] 3. [...] M066(?) M288 — 1(N14) 3(N01) [13] 4. M387~a M111~i M242~b [...] — [numeral lost] 5. [...] M066 M352~o M218 M259(?) M218 M288 — 1(N14) [10] 6. M038~h [...] — [numeral lost] 7. [...] M288 — 3(N01) [3] 8. M047 [...] M288 — 3(N01)(?) 1(N39B)(?) 9. M288 — 1(N45) 3(N14) 4(N01) (Reverse uninscribed; only modern museum markings — "4788" and "Sb 15295" — are written on it.)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 4790

(obverse) 1. M157~a — (heading; no quantity) 2. M305, (illegible sign) — 1(N14) 3. M096 M112 M136~c M263~b1 — 1(N01) 4. M305 [...] M260 — 1(N01) 5. |M036 + 1(N30D)| — 5(N01) 6. M111~b M388 [...] — [quantity lost] 7. |M036 + 1(N30D)| — 5(N01) 8. (illegible sign) [...] — [quantity lost] 9. |M036 + 1(N30D)| — 5(N01) 10. [...] — [quantity lost] 11. (illegible sign) |M036 + 1(N30D)| — 1(N01)(?) 12. (illegible sign) — 1(N01) 13. M297 — 1(N01) 2(N39B) 2(N30C) 1(N30D) 1(N39C) (reverse / total) 14. 1(N34)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 4791

(obverse) 1. M005~a — (header; no quantity) 2. M305 M388 M009 M004 [...] — [quantity lost] 3. [...] — 9 (N01) 4. |M036 + 1(N30D)| — 4 (N14) 5 (N01) 5. [...] — 3 (N01) 6. |M036 + 1(N30D)| — 1 (N14) 6 (N01) 7. [...] — 1 (N14) 8. M228~d M265~1(?) — 4 (N01) 9. |M036 + 1(N30D)| — [quantity lost] 10. M246~b M263 — 1 (N01) 11. |M036 + 1(N30D)| — 4 (N01) 12. [...] — [...] 1 (N39B) 2 (N30C) 1 (N30D) (No further inscribed text survives; the reverse carries only a few isolated impressions.)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 4793

(obverse) 1. [M327+M342](?) — 2. M157~a[…] (one unread sign) […] , […] 3. […] M387 (one unread sign) , 1(N39B) 4. M387~ef (one unread sign) , 1(N39B) 5. M387 M016 M288 , 3(N39B) 1(N24) 6. 1(N34) (The head of the account is broken away; the surviving entries pair an undeciphered commodity/category sign with a numeral, and the last line stands alone as a summation.)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 4795

(obverse) [M157] — (heading sign, damaged) M304 M146~d M383~n M151~c : 1 (N30C) 1 (N30D) M033 [—] : 1 (N30C) 1 (N30D) [ ... ] : 1 (N30C) 1 (N30D) M111~n M218(?) |M036 + 1(N30D)| : 1 (N14) M219 [ ... ] : 1 (N30C) 1 (N30D) [one further line, traces only — illegible] (reverse: uninscribed)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 4797

(obverse) (Heading:) M157~a M319 M218 M297 — 5(N14) 1(N01) [...] (= 51 units) [...] M325~d M380 M297 — 1(N14) 1(N01) (= 11 units) M001 M388 M259 ... [...] — [amount lost] [...] |M106+M288| M218 M073~b — 1(N01) (reverse: uninscribed apart from a few faint traces; lower portion of the obverse broken away)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 4804

(obverse) 1. M157 — 2. M051~b, |M054+M365+M054~i|(?) , [ ... ] — [ ... ] 3. [ ... ] M243~j(?) — 3(N39B) 4. (illegible sign) — 1(N01)(?) 5. (two illegible signs) [ ... ] — [ ... ] 6. (illegible sign) M180(?) [ ... ] — [ ... ] 7. [ ... ] M297@b M379~c@b — 1(N39B@b)(?) 8. [ ... ] — [ ... ] 9. [ ... ] M379~c(?) — 1(N39B) 1(N24) 1(N30C) 10. M243~j — 3(N39B@c) (reverse: uninscribed/blank as preserved)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 4805

(obverse) M051~b M264~a — 1 (N01) M262~ba — 1 (N01) [...] — 1 (N24) 2 (N30C) M051~b M263~b — 1 (N01) [...] — 5 (N01) M033~b M048~c M263~b(?) — 3 (N01) |M036 + 1(N30D)| — 1 (N14) |M305 + X|(?) M388(?) M009 M004 M218 M263~b1 — 1 (N01) |M036 + 1(N30D)| — 5 (N01) M297~b — 1 (N01), 4 (N39B), 1 (N24) (reverse: surface preserved but uninscribed / effaced — no text recoverable)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 4806

(obverse) M157 — [heading/rubric sign] M081(?) M033 M009~a M269~b — [remainder broken] [...] M325~d M304 M278~e — 1 (N01) [...] M269~b — 1 (N01) M354 — 2 (N14) [...] — 1 (N01) M354 — 2 (N01) [...] — 2 (N30C~b) 1 (N34) (The signs are proto-Elamite and remain undeciphered; only the numerical notations can be read with confidence. The reverse of the tablet is uninscribed apart from impressed numerical marks along the left edge.)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 4835

Obverse 1. [...] x , M388 M347(?) M057~b1(?) M218 — 1(N01) 1(N39B)(?) [...] 2. [...] x , M057 M320 — 2(N01) 3(N39B)(?) [...] 3. M305(?) M388 M097~h(?) M226~c M371 [...] — [...] 4. [...] — [...] 2(N39B)(?) [...] (The remainder of the surface is broken away; the reverse and edges preserve no legible signs.)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 4838

obverse […] |M175+M288|, M324~d, M261~d1 — […] […] |M305+M136|, M261~d1 — 1(N14) 1(N01) [= 11 units] … M263 — […] […] … — 1(N01) … M263 — 1(N01) |M175+M388| […] — […] reverse (uninscribed)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 4844

Obverse 1. M157 (heading / document classifier) — 2. M217~a[?] M377 M247~c[?] M124 M377 M386~a M240 M096 x M288[?] — [ ... numerals broken away ] 3. [ ... ] M222~e x M218 — 3(N39B) 4. M029~a[?] M240[?] M096[??] [ ... ] — [ ... numerals broken away ] 5. [ ... ] — 1(N01) 2(N39B) 1(N24) 6. M218[?] x M096[?] — 5(N01)[?] 3(N39B) 7. M073~b[??] M242~b [ ... ] — [ ... numerals broken away ] (The remainder of the obverse is broken away; the reverse carries no inscription.)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 4847

(obverse) [...] ... M376 — 1 (unit) M009 [...] — [...] [...] ... M371(?) ... — 2 (units) M318(?) M004 M218 M305(?) — 1 (unit) [...] — 3 (units) M230 M096 M152~d — 1 (unit) |M131+M388| M263 [...] — [...] ... M376 — 1 (unit) M352~n [...] M218 M376 — 1 (unit) [...] — [...] (The remainder is broken away; the reverse preserves no legible signs.)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 4848

(obverse) […] — [broken] M029~b — 1(N01) M369~a — 2(N01) M072 — 1(N01) […] — 4(N01) M029~b M388 M074~f — 1(N01) |M377+M377| — [broken] […] — 1(N01) M032 — 1(N01) M223 — 1(N01) (…) M001 M139 — [broken] (The remainder of the surface is lost; no further entries are legible.)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 5008

(obverse, column of entries) [...] , [...] M153 , 1(N14) — 10 M244 , 3(N01) — 3 [two unread signs] [...] , [...] [...] , [...] M153 , 1(N01) — 1 M110~a M242~b(?) M096 [unread sign] , 1(N01) — 1 M153 , 1(N14) 4(N01) — 14 [unread sign] , 2(N01) — 2 M153~a , 3(N14) 4(N01) — 34 M387~l M288 , 1(N01) — 1 M387~a , 1(N01) — 1 (reverse: uninscribed apart from the ruled entries at the left edge; no further text preserved)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 5036

(Obverse) Heading: M157~a M302~t(?) M387 M009 M264~a₁ — 2(N01) M297[?] — 2(N39B)[?] […] M263~b(?) — 1(N01) M297 — 1(N39B) M002 — [quantity lost in break] M288 — 1(N01) 1(N39B) 1(N30C) (Total / final entry:) 1(N34) (Reverse: no legible text; the surface preserves only traces of impressions and is otherwise blank or effaced.)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 5037

(obverse) [...] M371 M387 M009 M264~a₁ — 3 (N01) [...] M066 M066 |M036 + 1(N30D)| — 5 (N01) M146 [...] — [...] [...] — 1 (N01) |M305 + M320| [...] M260~1 — 1 (N01) |M036 + 1(N30D)| — 2 (N01) [...] M297 — 2 (N01), 1 (N39B), 2 (N30C) (No further text is preserved; the remaining faces of the fragment carry no legible signs.)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 5038

Obverse (Heading) M157~a — M038~a, M381, M388, M338~b[?] … — [numeral lost] … M242~ab[?], M380~b, M048~c, M218 — 2(N01)[?] … — 2(N01) M254~a, M380~b[?], (traces) … — [numeral lost] (Remainder of the obverse broken away) Reverse: uninscribed.

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 5041

Obverse 1. M288(?) — 200 [...] 2. [...] — [...] 50 3. M284~m — 1 4. M288 — 200 [...] 5. [...] — [...] 94 6. |M106~2+M288|(?) — 1 7. M288(?) — [...] 8. [...] — 270 9. |M106~2+M288|(?) — [...] (Numerals rendered in the proto-Elamite decimal system: N01 = 1, N14 = 10, N34 = 100. Thus 2(N34) = 200; 5(N14) = 50; 9(N14) 4(N01) = 94; 2(N34) 7(N14) = 270.) Reverse: uninscribed (blank surface; modern museum markings only).

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 5045

(obverse) […] — 1 (unit N01), 1 (unit N24) M318~a1 M318~a1 M371 — 1 (unit N01) M377 […] — […] […] … M347 M371 […] — […] […] … M377~e … […] — […] […] … M057~a — 1 (unit N01) M219 M338~b […] — […] […] … |M131+M388| M101 M066 — 1 (unit N01) M388 — 1 (N14) 2 (N01) [= 12 units] (No inscribed text preserved on the reverse or edges.)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 5047

(obverse) 1. [...] (illegible sign) — 1 (unit) 2. (illegible sign) — 1 (unit) 3. (illegible sign) — 1 (unit) 4. M288(?) — 1 (unit) 5. M262(?) [...] — [...] 6. M288(?) — 1 (unit) 7. M146~d M388 M218 M223 M218 — 1 (unit) 8. (illegible sign) [...] — [...] (The remaining surfaces of the fragment are blank or too eroded to yield signs.)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 5055

(obverse) 1. M250~a, M315[?], (one illegible sign) — 3(N01) 2. M250~a, M131, M262, M218 — 2(N01)[?] 3. (illegible sign) [...] — [quantity lost] 4. [...] M347[?], (one illegible sign), M223 — 1(N14) 5. M054[?], M004, M066 — 3(N01) 6. M262, |M106+M288|, M066 — 2(N01)[?] 7. [...] M388[?], M066[?], M066[?], (one illegible sign), M057[?] — 1(N01)[?] 8. M371[?], M332[?], M131, M263, (one illegible sign) — 1(N01)[?] 9. [...] (one illegible sign), M096[?] — 3(N01) 10. M390, M262[?], M096[?] — 3(N01) 11. (two illegible signs) [...] — [quantity lost] 12. [...] M390, M004, M218 — 2(N01) (The remainder…

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 5196

(Obverse, column i) M157 — (heading sign; document classifier) M325~d, M388, M314, [two illegible signs], M096, M297 — 1(N14) 3(N01) = 13 M377~e, M347(?), M371 — [1(N14)?] 3(N01) = [13?] M254~c, M297 — 1(N01) = 1 M297 — 3(N14) 1(N01) = 31 (The remainder of the obverse face is uninscribed; the reverse is blank/eroded and carries no legible signs. The edges bear no writing beyond the modern museum number Sb 15363.)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 5197

(obverse — accounting entries; each line: commodity/recipient designation, then quantity) […] — 5 (N01) [damaged] M009 — 8 (N01) M376 — 1 (N14) [damaged] […] […] — 9 (N01) [damaged], 1 (N08A) M270~c, M009 [damaged] — 5 (N01) M387~c [damaged], M005~a, M032 — 1 (N01) |M157+M381| […] — […] […] — 9 (N01) M112~c — 2 (N30C) M009 [damaged] — 6 (N01) M032 — 1 (N01) M292~f — 1 (N14) [damaged], 1 (N01) […] — 1 (N14) [damaged], 1 (N01) (unread sign) — 1 (N01) [damaged] (unread sign) […] — […] (reverse — surface preserved but uninscribed/effaced; no signs legible)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 5206

(obverse) 1. [ ... ] , 2. [ ... ] , 1(N01) — one unit (sign damaged) 3. (one illegible sign) , [ ... ] 4. [ ... ] M347 M371 |M036+1(N30D)| , 1(N14@b) — one N14 unit (= 10) 5. [ ... ] M305 M388 M285~s M371 M210~g(?) [ ... ] , [ ... ] 6. [ ... ] , 4(N1@b) — four units 7. M176~b(?) [ ... ] , [ ... ] (reverse: uninscribed; bears only the modern museum markings Sb 15372 / 5206)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 5212

obverse 1. [...] |M106~2+M288| , 1(N02) [...] (sign group M106~2 combined with M288) — 1 unit (N02) 2. M288 , 2(N34)# 5(N14)# [...] M288 — 2 (N34) 5 (N14) [remainder lost] 3. [|M106~2+M288|] , [1(N02)] [(sign group M106~2 combined with M288)] — [1 unit (N02)] 4. [M288] , 2(N34)# 1(N45) 5(N14) 4(N01) [M288] — 2 (N34) 1 (N45) 5 (N14) 4 (N01) 5. [...] , [...] 7(N34)# 5(N14) [...] [...] — [...] 7 (N34) 5 (N14) [remainder lost] (The tablet breaks off; no further text is preserved. Numerals marked # are damaged but legible in outline.)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 5217

(obverse) [...] — 1 (unit) M338~c M024 M371 M010 — [...] [...] — 4 (tens) 2 (units) M136~c(?) — 2 (units) [...] M371 M010 — 4 (units) M388 [...] — [...] [...] — 3 (units) M180 [...] — [...] [...] — 4 (tens) 3 (units) 2 (N39B-units) (No further inscribed text is preserved; the remainder of the surface is broken away or effaced.)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 5218

(Obverse — fragmentary account) [...] , [... commodity entry:] M388 M146 M377 M347 M371 M054 — 1 (N01) M032 — [quantity broken] [... sign(s) lost] — 1 (N01) M054 — 1 (N01) M373 — 2 (N01) M046 — 1 (N01) M288 — 1 (N01) M033 — 2 (N14) [= 2 large/ten-units] M376 M124 — 2 (N14) M072 — [quantity broken] (Probable total line:) M288 — 1 (N45), 3 (N14), 4 (N39B) [...] (The commodity signs M388, M146, M377, M347, M371, M054, M032, M373, M046, M288, M033, M376, M124, M072 are proto-Elamite and remain undeciphered; only the numerical notations can be read with assurance.)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 5223

(obverse) (rubric/heading:) M157~a (line 1:) [sign illegible] [...] (line 2:) [...] M384~d M297 [...] (undeciphered commodity entry) (line 3:) [...] — 1(N14) 1(N14@b) (i.e. one unit of the N14 series and one of its derived @b series) (line 4:) [sign illegible] [...] — [...] (line 5:) [...] — 1(N24) 1(N24@b) 2(N30D@b) (one N24 unit, one N24@b unit, two N30D@b fractional units) (final entry / total:) 1(N34) (one large-unit numeral) (remainder of tablet broken or uninscribed)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 5235

(Fragment; proto-Elamite entries, entry-by-entry with counts) [...] M128(?) M096 [...] — [count lost] [...] M250+BA (disbursement marker?) M066-a — 1 (unit) M388 (classifier) [...] — [count lost] [... entry lost ...] — 1 (unit) M510 ... [...] — [count lost] [...] M367(?) (commodity sign) — 2 (units) M388 (classifier) [...] — [count lost]

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 5239

obverse (line 1) [...] — 1(N24) 1(N30d) [fractional measures] (line 2) M131~e [...] — [quantity lost] (line 3) [...] M304, M388, M285~b, M288 — 1(N14) 2(N01) [= 12 units in the sexagesimal system] (line 4) [...] M388(?), M285~c(?), M288 — 1(N39b) 1(N24) [fractional measures] (The signs designated by M-numbers are proto-cuneiform/proto-Elamite graphemes without established phonetic readings; they mark commodities, categories, or account-holders whose identity cannot yet be translated. The reverse is uninscribed apart from modern museum markings.)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 26S, 5240

(Proto-Elamite administrative account; the non-numerical signs are undeciphered and are given by their sign-list numbers. Each entry pairs a sign-group with a quantity.) [...] : 1(N45) 6(N14) [...] [...] : [...] 1(N14)? M305 M388 M110 M242b M096 [...] : [quantity lost] [...] (illegible sign) : 2(N01) 1(N39B) (two illegible signs) : 1(N01) [...] M320 M288 : 1(N01) 1(N39B) 1(N24) [...] M103(var.2) M254a (illegible) M387c M288 : 5(N01) 3(N39B) 1(N14)? [...] (illegible sign) : 2(N14) 1(N01) 2(N39B) 1(N30D) [...] M259? M281f M096 M288 : 3(N14) 2(N01) [...] [...] : [...] 1(N24) M304 M388 M115 |M296…

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 31, 007

(Header) M247~d. (Entry 1) M297~bc: 2(N01) 3(N39B). (Entry 2) M001+M379~d (ligature): 1(N24) 2(N30C). (Entry 3) M297~b: 1(N24@b) 2(N30C@b). (Entry 4) M314: 1(N01) 1(N39B). (Entry 5) M003~b+M379~c (ligature): 1(N39B) 1(N24). (Entry 6) M297~b: 1(N39B@b) 1(N24@b). The signs M247, M297, M314, M001, M003 and M379 are undeciphered Proto-Elamite signs; the N-numbers are numerals of the Proto-Elamite capacity/fraction system, given here exactly as written. The reverse of the tablet is uninscribed.

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 31, 015

(Heading) M157 (document-type rubric) M305 M033~c M270~d — 2 (units, N01) M036 (compounded with 1 N30D) — 1 (tens-unit, N14) M387~ca, M036 (compounded with 1 N30C) — 2 (tens-units, N14) M305 M387~ha, M036 (compounded with 1 N30C) — 2 (tens-units, N14) M340 M054 M265~2 — 2 (units, N01) [numeral partly damaged] [broken sign], M036 (compounded with 1 N30D) — 6 (units, N01) 1 (unit, N01) (Reverse uninscribed)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 31, 019

(obverse) M059 — 1(N14) [= 10 units] M252~i — 4(N01) [= 4 units] M136~k — 1(N14) [= 10 units] M210~b — 1(N14) [= 10 units] [sign lost] — 1(N14) [= 10 units] [sign illegible] — 1(N14) [= 10 units] M147 — 1(N14) [= 10 units] (reverse) [sign lost] — 6(N14) 4(N01) [= 64 units; the total]

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 31, 024

(Proto-Elamite account; the script is undeciphered — sign designations are given by their standard M-numbers) (entry 1) [sign M305+M342] (commodity/category, damaged) — 2 units (2 N01) (entry 2) signs M291, M371, M320 (damaged) — 1 unit (1 N01, damaged) (entry 3) [illegible sign], signs M301, M057 — 1 unit (1 N01) (entry 4) sign M263 (variant 1), sign M347 (damaged) [...] — [quantity lost] (entry 5) [entry heading lost] — 1 unit (1 N01) (entry 6) [three illegible signs] — [quantity lost] (entry 7) [three illegible signs] [...] — [quantity lost]

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 31, 025

(obverse) [... (commodity) M278~f]: [3(N14)] 8(N01) — [3]8 units (commodity) M278~f: 2(N14) [5(N01)] — 2[5] units (commodity) M278+1(N24): 3(N01) — 3 units (commodity) M283~a1: 5(N01) — 5 units (commodity) M276~e: 5(N01) — 5 units (commodity) M290~a: 7(N01) — 7 units (commodity) M064~a: 1(N14) — 10 units (summary line) M228~gb, M278~f, M351+1(N14): 1(N34) 3(N01) — 63 units (reverse) (commodity) M278+1(N24): [3(N01)] — [3] units (commodity) M290~a: 7(N01) — 7 units (commodity) M064~a: 1(N14) — 10 units (commodity) M276~e: 5(N01) — 5 units

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 31, 027

(Proto-Elamite account; the signs are undeciphered — sign designations are given with their numerical notations) M305 (heading/rubric, no numeral) M269~b — 2 N01 M260 — 2 N01 M036+1(N30D) — 3 N39B, 1 N24 [numeral damaged] M379 — 1 N30C M278~g — 1 N30C M293~d — 1 N30C [damaged], 2 N30D(?) [illegible sign] — 1 N39B M210~g — 3 N39B, 1 N24 M293~d — 2 N01, 1 N39B, 1 N24, 2 N30C(?) (N01 is the basic whole unit; N39B, N24, N30C and N30D are successively smaller fractional units of the proto-Elamite grain-capacity system. The final, larger entry for M293~d may be a running total.)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 31, 030

(Header) [...]-M383-[...] (compound sign, entry heading; no numeral) M376 M388 M352 M320 M371 ... , 2 (units) ... M371 , 2 (units) M124 ... , 2 (units) ... M218 , 2 (units) ... M242 M096 , 2 (units) ... , 2 (units) ... , 2 (units) [...] , 22 (units) — total: 2 tens and 2 units (The signs M376, M388, M352, M320, M371, M124, M218, M242, and M096 are proto-Elamite signs whose meanings remain undeciphered; only the numerals can be read with confidence.)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 31, 031

(Header) [Compound sign M327+X] — (owner/institution heading; no quantity) (Entry 1) M388, M387(?), M263, M314, M096(?), M388, M301, M372, M367 — 2 N51, 5 N23 (Entry 2) [two illegible signs], M066, M367 — 3 N51, 1 N23 (Entry 3) [compound sign M195+X], [four illegible signs], M367(?) — 2 N51, 7 N23 (Entry 4) M066, [three illegible signs], M367(?) — 2 N51(damaged), 6 N23 (Entry 5) M195(variant m), [two illegible signs], M367 — 2 N51, 7 N23 (Total) M367(?) — 2 N54, 3 N51, 6 N23 (All numerals belong to the proto-Elamite grain-capacity system, marked G; N54 > N51 > N23 in descending unit size. T…

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 31, 033

(Heading:) [compound sign M327+X] — (rubric, no numeral) M157 … M305 M057 M263: 2 (units, N01) [...] M263: 2 (units, N01) … M263: 5 (units, N01) M387 M263: 4 (units, N01) [...] M263: 1 (unit, N01) M004 [M218+M288] M066 M263: 1 (unit, N01) M024 M004 M218 M263 M038 M263: 2 (units, N01) M243: 4 (N39B) 1 (N24) 1 (N30C) — (fractional grain-measure notation) (Total line:) 1 (N34) (The reverse is uninscribed apart from traces at the upper edge; the sign-values themselves are proto-Elamite and remain undeciphered — only the numerals can be read with confidence.)

Economy

~3000 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

MDP 31, 036

Obverse: (Header) |M327+X| (compound sign, second element unidentified) — [entry heading, quantity lost or none] M054 (variant i), M388, M219, M048 (variant k), M096, ... (two signs illegible): [1 unit (N01)] |M131+M388| (compound), M263, M218: 1 unit (N01) M004, M058, M057: 1 unit (N01) M387 (variant ee), M057, ... (sign lost), M101, M066: 1 unit (N01) M029 (variant b), M128, M096: 1 unit (N01) M066, M352 (variant n), M347(?), M297: 1 unit (N01) ... (sign lost), M372: 1 unit (N01) (Total) M388(?): 7 units (N01) (The signs are proto-Elamite and remain undeciphered; only the numerals and the a…

Economy

← Previous

1…24 25 26…35