All tablets.

ATU 5, pl. 111, W 9656,gs

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk IV (ca. 3350-3200 BC)) — ATU 5, pl. 111, W 9656,gs. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

ATU 7, pl. 007, W 19408,5

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk IV (ca. 3350-3200 BC)) — ATU 7, pl. 007, W 19408,5. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

ATU 7, pl. 018, W 19416,a

CUSAS 01, 002

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk IV (ca. 3350-3200 BC)) — CUSAS 01, 002. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

CUSAS 01, 004

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk IV (ca. 3350-3200 BC) ?) — CUSAS 01, 004. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

CUSAS 01, 005

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk IV (ca. 3350-3200 BC)) — CUSAS 01, 005. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

CUSAS 01, 006

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk IV (ca. 3350-3200 BC)) — CUSAS 01, 006. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

MS 3007

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk IV (ca. 3350-3200 BC) ?) — MS 3007. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

MS 3008

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk IV (ca. 3350-3200 BC) ?) — MS 3008. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

MS 3009

20 [units], DIN-plant/herb 34 [units], ZATU842-commodity, EN (lord/high-official) 20 [units], UNUG (Uruk) [blank / total line?] 20 [units], SAG (head/chief?), IB 32 [units], ERIN (workers/troops) 30 [units], NUNUZ (eggs/seed?) 2(N34) 36 [units], KISZ, GAL (great), SANGA (administrator/priest), EN (lord/high-official) [...]

MS 3010

MS 3160

5 units — PAP~a, UZ 1 large unit — SI, NAGA, [house/institution?] 4 units — SZUBUR 3 units — EZEM~c (festival?) 7 units — PA~a 40 + 2 units — BARA2~a (dais/throne-platform) 60 units — barley (ŠE), disbursement, ERIN (workers/troops)

MS 3161

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk IV (ca. 3350-3200 BC)) — MS 3161. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

MS 3162

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk IV (ca. 3350-3200 BC) ?) — MS 3162. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

MS 3163

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk IV (ca. 3350-3200 BC) ?) — MS 3163. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

MS 3166

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk IV (ca. 3350-3200 BC) ?) — MS 3166. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

MS 3167

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk IV (ca. 3350-3200 BC)) — MS 3167. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

MS 3171

5 sheep, processed/fashioned [type] 5 [animals/units], HAL, male 5 [units], SZUR2~c [damaged sign] 4 [units], [sign uncertain] 3 (large measure N14), [compound sign: LAGAB enclosing HI+N04] 4 [units], [sign ZATU753] 6 [units], goats (MASZ2) 3 [units], BIR-quality cows 4 [units], [compound sign GA2-type vessel/container] 5 [units], PA~a [sign uncertain: ZATU659?] 3 [units], DA~a [number lost], SZUR2~c [number lost], settlement/city (URU~a1) — 8 [large units N57]

MS 4484

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk IV (ca. 3350-3200 BC) ?) — MS 4484. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

MS 4485

1 [unit]: large vessel (GAL~a), delivery/receipt (SZU2), 3 [units N57] 1 [unit]: ear (GESZTU~b), aromatic/resin (SZIM~a), hand/delivery (SZU) 1 [unit]: [commodity SI4~a] 1 [unit]: field? (GAN2?), [compound sign |UR3~b1xMASZ|] 1 [unit]: thorn/horn (SI), grinder/container (UR3~b1) 1 [unit]: [sign ZATU844], calf/young animal (AMAR) [X units]: [broken — signs illegible] [...]

MS 4530

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk IV (ca. 3350-3200 BC)) — MS 4530. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

MS 4552

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk IV (ca. 3350-3200 BC) ?) — MS 4552. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

MS 5052

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk IV (ca. 3350-3200 BC) ?) — MS 5052. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

Clay tablet, late Uruk period, 3300-3100 BCE. Proto-cuneiform signs, food issue list " rations" written by combining a human head and a bowl. Purchased via Christie's in 1989, with contribution from the British Museum Friends

Tablet image sourced from Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0). No scholarly translation referenced in source metadata. Source description: Clay tablet, late Uruk period, 3300-3100 BCE. Proto-cuneiform signs, food issue list " rations" written by combining a human head and a bowl (the triangular object is the regular symbol for bread). In

EconomyDaily Life

Clay tablet, record of barley and emmer. Late Uruk period, 3300-3100 BCE. Purchased via Christie's, no provenance

Tablet image sourced from Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0). No scholarly translation referenced in source metadata. Source description: Clay tablet, late Uruk period, 3300-3100 BCE. Emmer wheat is differentiated from barley by writing numbers with extra strokes. The proto-cuneiform signs document barley. Barley appears 4 times here an

Numerical and proto cuneiforms tablets - Oriental Institute

Tablet image sourced from Wikimedia Commons (CC0). No scholarly translation referenced in source metadata. Source description: Numerical tablet (left), numerical-ideographic tablet (center) and proto-cuneiform tablet (right), from the collections of the Oriental Institute of Chicago. Late Uruk period (maybe Jemdet-Nasr for th

Pre-cuneiform writing tablet noting food ratios, Archives from the Temple of the Sky God, from Uruk (Irak), Late Uruk Period, around 3300 BC, Louvre Lens, France (26939082575)

Tablet image sourced from Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0). No scholarly translation referenced in source metadata. Source description: The first documents written on clay tablets appeared in Uruk IV, around 3300 BC.

Proto-cuneiform sexagesimal type Sa.svg

Tablet image sourced from Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0). No scholarly translation referenced in source metadata. Source description: Proto-cuneiform numeral signs base 60 and subbase 10, Type S^a according to the typology established by Nissen-Damerow-Englund, Archaic Bookkeeping, Chicago UP 1993

Proto cuneiform sign for wool

Tablet image sourced from Wikimedia Commons (CC0). No scholarly translation referenced in source metadata. Source description: Proto-cuneiform sign SIG2. Depicts wool.

Proto cuneiform sign for wool variant

Tablet image sourced from Wikimedia Commons (CC0). No scholarly translation referenced in source metadata. Source description: proto cuneiform sign

Proto-Cuneiform Sign U+12033 APIN.svg

Tablet image sourced from Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 4.0). No scholarly translation referenced in source metadata. Source description: Proto-Cuneiform Sign U+12033 APIN

~3200 BCE·Uruk PeriodEditorial

Proto-Cuneiform Account Tablet

One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.

Ashm 1924-0923

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk III (ca. 3200-3000 BC)) — Ashm 1924-0923. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

Ashm 1924-1083

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk III (ca. 3200-3000 BC)) — Ashm 1924-1083. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

ATU 6, pl. 073, W 15860,a2

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk III (ca. 3200-3000 BC)) — ATU 6, pl. 073, W 15860,a2. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

ATU 7, pl. 042, W 20274,24

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk III (ca. 3200-3000 BC)) — ATU 7, pl. 042, W 20274,24. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

ATU 7, pl. 084, W 22102,5+

40 [units], [container/storehouse with sun sign], open court, fish 20 [units], land/country — small, female, fish, [total/chief] 4 [units], fish, minister/courier, [approach/bring near] 2 [units], [reed+wood compound sign] 2 [units], [mixed?], day/sun 3 [units — damaged] [...], [...] 5 [units], cattle pen/fold 5 [units], [mixed?], day/sun, young man/male adult 2 [units], date-palm(?) 1 [unit] [...], [...]

BSOAS 62, 116

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk III (ca. 3200-3000 BC)) — BSOAS 62, 116. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

CDLI Lexical 000002, ex. 176

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk III (ca. 3200-3000 BC)) — CDLI Lexical 000002, ex. 176. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

CDLI Lexical 000002, ex. 177

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk III (ca. 3200-3000 BC)) — CDLI Lexical 000002, ex. 177. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

CDLI Lexical 000002, ex. 178

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk III (ca. 3200-3000 BC)) — CDLI Lexical 000002, ex. 178. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

CDLI Lexical 000002, ex. 179

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk III (ca. 3200-3000 BC)) — CDLI Lexical 000002, ex. 179. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

CDLI Lexical 000002, ex. 180

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk III (ca. 3200-3000 BC)) — CDLI Lexical 000002, ex. 180. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

CDLI Lexical 000002, ex. 181

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk III (ca. 3200-3000 BC)) — CDLI Lexical 000002, ex. 181. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

CDLI Lexical 000002, ex. 182

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk III (ca. 3200-3000 BC)) — CDLI Lexical 000002, ex. 182. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

CDLI Lexical 000002, ex. 183

[1] , [...]\n1 , [...] KAB[?]\n1 , NAM2 DI\n1 , NAM2 NAM2\n1 , [...]\n1 , NAM2 PA RAD\n1 , AB ME\n1 , GAL |N58.BAD|\n1 , EN [...]\n1 , [...]\n1 , [...]\n1 , [...]\n41 , X [...]

~3100 BCE·Uruk PeriodOur engine

CDLI Lexical 000002, ex. 184

[1] , [...] SUKKAL 1 , chief dairy-official [1] , [...] 1 , chief first-fruits official 1 , chief herdsman [1] , [chief] lord/master 1 , chief [...] 1 , clay/wind [...] [...] , [...]

CDLI Lexical 000002, ex. 185

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk III (ca. 3200-3000 BC)) — CDLI Lexical 000002, ex. 185. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

CDLI Lexical 000002, ex. 186

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk III (ca. 3200-3000 BC)) — CDLI Lexical 000002, ex. 186. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

CDLI Lexical 000002, ex. 187

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Uruk III (ca. 3200-3000 BC)) — CDLI Lexical 000002, ex. 187. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).