All tablets.

SAA 14 451. (no title) (TIM 11 26)

(Beginning destroyed) (r 1) ...[...] (r 2) in the Review Palace [...] (r 3) he shall pay double the silver. (r 4) king's work [...] (r 5) Month Iyyar (II), [...] (Rest destroyed)

SAA 14 452. (no title) (TIM 11 28)

(1) Seal of Mannu-ki-Adad, [son of] Urdu-Mu[lli]ssi, (Break) (r 1) [Witness NN. Witness] Inurta-abi-uṣur. (r 2) [Witness NN. Witne]ss Dan-Adad. (r 3) [Witness ...]ru, son of Ilumma-lidgul. (r 4) [Witness NN, so]n of Nabû-uṣur. (r 5) [...]... (r 6) [...] ......

SAA 14 453. (no title) (TIM 11 30a)

(Beginning destroyed) (seal space) (1) [...] Nabû-aplu-[...], his servant (Break) (r 1) Witness [...]ri. (Rest destroyed)

SAA 14 454. (no title) (TIM 11 30c)

(Beginning destroyed) (3) ... [......] (4) [It will increase] by a fourth. (5) Month Sivan (III) [......] (Rest destroyed)

SAA 14 455. (no title) (TIM 11 30d)

(Beginning destroyed) (2) [...] in 1 homer [...] (3) [...] intercalary Ad[ar (XIIa) ...] (Rest destroyed)

SAA 14 456. (no title) (TIM 11 30e)

(Beginning destroyed) (2) [...] contravenes [...] (r 1) [...] Aššur and Šamaš [shall be his prosecutors]. (Rest destroyed)

SAA 14 457. Bel-Harran-duri, Chariot Driver of the C[rown Prince], Buys Land (TIM 11 31)

(1) [Instead of his seal he impressed his fingernail]. (fingernail impressions) (2) [Fingernail] of Zer-sama', [owner of the field], garden, threshing floor and house being sold. (4) [An estate of x hect]ares of field in cultivation [by the seah] of 7 'litres' by the [...] 'litre'. (6) [A bui]lt [house] with [its] beams, and [with] it[s d]oors, [...] (8) [...] threshing floor, vegetable garden, (9) [...] Satib[a...] — (10) Bel-Harran-duri, chariot driver of the c[rown prince], [has co]ntracted and bou[ght it f]rom Zer-sama'[... f]or 3 and half mina of silver. (14) The money is paid…

SAA 14 458. Barruqu Lends Grain (TIM 11 35)

(1) 5 homers one seah 5 'l[itres' ...] according to the seah of [x 'litre(s)'] belonging to Barr[uqu], (4) at the disposal of Nabû-šallimšunu, (5) at the disposal of Ereš-Issar, (6) They shall pay at the threshing floor in its original amount. (7) If they do not pay, it shall accrue interest. Month Nisan (I), (Rest destroyed)

SAA 14 459. Fragment of a Conveyance Text (*635) (TIM 11 32)

(1) [Seal of Is]sar-šarru-ibni, chief bow-maker [...], son of Issar-tariba, [owner of the ... being s]old. (stamp seal impressions) (Break) (r 2) No-one [shall litigate with] any[one] (r 3) Whoever in the future, [at any tim]e, contra[venes], Aššur and Šamaš shall be his prosecutors. The treaty of the king shall call him to account. (r 6) Witness Kaqqadanu. Witness Qulî. (r 7) Witness Mussezib. Witness Urdu-ahhešu. (r 8) Witness Nergal-eṭir. Witness Zar'utî. (r 9) Witness Remana-Aššur. Witness Gula-šumu-ibni. (r 10) Witness Mušallim-Marduk. (r 11) Witness Ahû'a-eriba. (e. 1) [Month ..., xth day, eponym year of B]el-lu-dari. (e. 2) [......]. Witness Urdu-Issar. (e. 3) [......]

SAA 14 460. Land Lease (TIM 11 33)

(Beginning destroyed) (1) An estate of 5 hectares 7 decares of [...] ditto Ṣidqaya, the Sido[nian ...] Nineveh, ditto the river. (3) An estate of 2 hectares [...] adjoining the river, adjoining the road of the town of Ad[ad-...], adjoining the maintenance field of the king's house [...], adjoining the sacred precint, adjoining Ṣidqaya, (7) An estate of 2 hectares "thin" (land) adjoining [...] (8) adjoining the road to Adad-[... ...] (9) Su-bal from [...] (10) adjoining Ṣidq[aya, ...] (11) well, adjoining [...] (12) of Tur[...] (13) Issar-ša[......] (14) adjoining the side road of [...] (15)…

SAA 14 461. Fragment of a Conveyance Text (TIM 11 34)

(Beginning destroyed) (r 1) his [..., ...] (r 2) [whether] the governor of his city, o[r ... or] the scribe of his city, o[r ...] (r 4) [se]eks [a law]suit or litigation against [NN, with] his [son]s, with [his grand]sons, [...], (r 6) [he shall give] 20 [minas of refined silver and x minas of] pure gold [...], he shall give [x] white [hor]ses t[o ......]. (r 9) He shall retu[rn] the mone[y tenfold to] its [owner]s. (r 10) [He shall con]test [in his 'no-lawsuit'] and not [succeed]. (Rest destroyed)

SAA 14 462. Purchase of Land (791-XII-25) (ADD 0526)

(1) Fingernail of Kunasî, son of Harmaki, donkey driver. (fingernail impressions) (3) An estate of one he[ctar of land ...]...[...] (Break) (r 1) Witness Aššur-šal[limš]un[u], son of Birtayu. (r 3) Witness Mar-Issar, recruit. (r.e. 4) Month Adar (XII), 25th day, eponym year of Bel-iqišanni.

SAA 14 463. Purchase of Land (ADD 1242)

(1) Instead of their seals they impressed their fingernail. (fingernail impressions) (2) [...] an estate of 4 hect[ares ...] (3) [...] the estate of Šamu[...]-ila'i (4) [...] in cultivation [...] (5) [...] vegetable [garde]n [......]... — (6) [NN] has contr[acted and] bought [...]... for [...] their [...] from [these men]. (9) The money [is pa]id [completely. ...] and field, house, garden, 2 wells [are purchased and] acquired. Any revocation, [lawsuit], or litigati[on is v]oid. (13) [Whoever] in the future, and at any t[i]me, [whether] these [men] or their sons (or) their [grandson]s or any…

SAA 14 464. Šulmu-šarri Buys One Decare of Grazing Land (713) (ADD 1195)

(1) Inste[ad of their seals they impressed their fingernail]. (2) [Fingernail of NN], fingernail of [NN], in all 2 [men, owners of the field being sold]. (fingernail impressions) (5) An estate of 1 decare of grazing land [......] belonging to Išmu[...] — (7) Šu[lmu-šarri, ...] has contracted and bought it for 1/2 mina of silver [...]. (9) The money [is paid] co[mpletely]. That threshing floor is pur[chased] and acquired. Any revoca[tion, lawsuit], or litigation is void. (12) Whoever in the future, at any time, whether these men or their sons, seeks a lawsuit against Šu[l]mu-šarri and his…

SAA 14 465. Bel-duri Buys an Orchard in the Land of the Palace Herald (ADD 0467)

(Beginning destroyed) (2) [...]... in the Land of the [Palace] Herald, adjoining the [or]chard of Parši[du], adjoining the [or]chard of Nuhšay[a], adjoining the [or]chard of Ša[maš-...] and adjoining the [or]chard of Da[..., ...] — (7) Bel-duri, major-domo [...], has contracted, bought and acquired it [for x t]alents of bronze [......]. (10) [The money is] paid [completely]. That orchard [is purchased and acquired. Any re]vocation or litigation is vo[id]. (12) [Whoever in the future, at] any time, (Break) (r 1) Witness [...]. (r 2) Witness Muta[qqin]-Aš[šur, ...]. (r 3) Witness Šelubu, [...]. (r 4) Witness [...]-Aššur, [...]. (r 5) [Witness Nik]kal-šumu-iddina, [...]. (r 6) [Witness ...]banu, [...]. (Rest destroyed)

SAA 14 466. Fragment of a Bel-duri Document (ADD 0485)

(Beginning destroyed) (1) [...... or] his labour-duty [superior], seeks [a lawsuit or litiga]tion against Bel-duri, [his sons (and)] his [gran]dsons, (5) shall place 5 [minas of silver (and) x mi]nas of gold before [Ištar resid]ing in Arbela, [shall tie] white horses at the fe[et of Aššur], shall bring four harbakannu horses to the feet of Nergal, and shall return the money tenfold [to] its [owner. He shall contest] in his lawsuit and not succeed. (r 5) [Witness NN], commander of (mounted) scouts. (r 6) [Witness NN, (... of the)] palace herald. (r 7) [Witness NN], son of Gimillu. (r 8) [Witness NN], deputy priest. (r 9) [Witness NN], royal bodyguard. (r 10) [Witness ...]ayu, [...]. (r 11) [Witness NN], .... (Rest destroyed)

SAA 14 467. Bel-duri Buys […] (ADD 0495)

(Beginning destroyed) (1) [...... are purchased and acq]uired. Any revocation, lawsuit, or litigation is void. (3) Whoever in the future, [at any t]ime, lo[d]ges a complaint (or) breaks the contract, [whet]her Bessi-na'dat or his prefect or his go[ver]nor or any relative of his [o]r the m[ayo]r of his city, and seeks a lawsuit or litigation against Bel-duri and [his sons and] his [grandsons, shall place one ta]lent of [refi]ned silver (and) one mina of p[ur]e gold in the lap of [Išt]ar residing in Nineveh, [shall return the mone]y [tenfo]ld [to its owners]. He shall contest [in his lawsuit (and not succeed)]. (Rest destroyed)

SAA 14 468. Urdu-Inurta Buys 11 Hectares of Land in Huli (ADD 1185)

(1) [Instead of] his seal he impressed his fingernail. (2) [Fi]ngernail of Inurta-na'di, owner of the field being sold. (stamp seal impressions) (3) An estate of 2 hectares of land adjoining the field of [...] adjoining the road that le[ads] to Enati. (5) An estate of 1 hectare 6 decares of field adjoining Man[nu-ki-Adad], adjoining the field of Ṭab-bel. (6) An estate of 1 [hectare of field] adjoining Ter-dala, adjoining [NN], adjoining the steppe road. (8) An estate of 1 he[ctare of field] adjoining [...]..., adjoining [...]. (10) An estate of 5 decares of field in the wadi o[f ...]…

SAA 14 469. Purchase of Slaves (ADD 0302)

(1) Fingernail of Erihi, temple steward [of] Nabû, owner of the people being sold. (unused seal space) (Rest destroyed)

SAA 14 470. Putayu Buys Land (ADD 1175+)

(1) [Instead of his seal he impressed] his fingernail. (2) [Fingernail of Urdu-Dag]an, [..., owner of the land being s]old. (fingernail impressions) (4) [An estate of ... adjoining] the road to Calah. (5) [......] Ṣuṣi (6) [...] ditto Apaya, (7) [...] ditto Se'-amuti. (8) [...]... Calah. (9) [......] field of Adad-ibni, (10) [...] ditto ditto Nergal-na'di, (11) [...] 3 decares of field in cultivation — (12) Putaya [has contract]ed and bought [from ...]unu [for x minas of silver]. (15) [The money is pa]id [completely]. That field is [purchased and acquired]. Any revocation, [lawsuit, or…

SAA 14 471. Manageress Lends Barley (ADD 0137)

(1) 200 barley, capit[al], belonging to the harem manageress of [...], at the disposal of Il-amara, chie[f of granaries]. (4) In the month of Ab (V), [...] (5) in Dur-Šarruken [...] (stamp seal impressions) (6) he shall give [...] (Break) (stamp seal impressions) (r 1) [[Witness]] (r 2) Witness Terik-[...]. (r 3) Witness Šarru-ila'[i, ...]. (r 4) Witness Qur[di-...]. (blank space of one line) (r 5) Month Tam[muz (IV), ...]th [day, eponym year of ...]. (r 6) Witness Nabû-ašare[d, ...]. (stamp seal impressions)

SAA 14 472. Priest of Bel Buys a Woman (ADD 0216)

(Beginning destroyed) (1) [(NN), prie]st of Bel (has contracted and) bought her from Sin-belu-uṣur for one mina of silver. (4) The money is paid completely. That woman is purchased and acquired. Any revocation, lawsuit, or litigation is vo[id]. (7) (Whoever) breaks the contract shall give one mina of silver and one mina of go[ld] to [Ištar] of Nine[veh], and shall retu[rn] the money ten[fold to its owner]. He shall contest in his lawsuit and n[ot succeed]. (r 4) Witness Adad-šumu-uṣur, servant of the chief eunuch. (r 6) Witness Hana-Se', [tan]ner of coloured leather. (Break) (e. 1) 1/2 mina of co[pper for his fingernail]. (e. 2) [...]

SAA 14 473. Dayan-Kurbail Buys Land (ADD 0386)

(Beginning destroyed) (seal space) (1) [An estate of x hectares of fiel]d according to the seah of 10 ['litres' ...] (2) [...]..., springs and a threshing floor (3) [adjoining the fiel]d of the town Urzunapi (4) [adjoining the fi]eld of Ahi-limmi, (5) [adjoining the fi]eld of Lu-šalim, (6) [...]..., a vacant lot, and an irrigated area — (7) Dayyan-Kurbail has [con]tracted and bought [fo]r 30 shekels by the mina of half (a mina) of silver. (9) The money is paid completely. That field is purchased and acquired. Any revocation, lawsuit, or litigation is void. (12) Whoever in the future, at any…

SAA 14 474. Ahu-la-amašši Buys Land (ADD 0520)

(Beginning destroyed) (1) [......] by the copper seah of 1 'litre' (2) [...]... (blank space of one line) (3) [... fi]eld of Aššur-zeru-ibni — (4) Ahu-la-amašši, horse trainer [has contract]ed and [bought from ...-ahhe] for 1 1/2 mina 2 shekels of silver. (6) [The money] is paid [compl]etely. [Those ... are purcha]sed and acquired. [Any revocation, la]wsuit, or litigation [is void]. (9) Whoever breaks the contract, [whether ...]-ahhe or his sons [or his neph]ews, and seeks [a lawsuit or litiga]tion [against Ahu-la-amaš]ši and his sons, (r 3) shall pay [x minas of silver (and) x] mina of gold…

SAA 14 475. Urdu Buys People (ADD 0259)

(1) Fingernail of Bel-iqbi, (2) Fingernail of Zeru-ibni, (3) Fingernail of Bel-abu-uṣur, (4) owner(s) of the people being sold. (space for fingernail impressions) (5) [...]-Marduk, his wife, (6) his [x sons], his 2 daughters, (7) [in all x per]sons, servants [of] these [men] — (9) Urdu [has contrac]ted and bought them [from] these men [for 1]80 (shekels of) copper. (12) [The money] is paid completely. The [people] are purchased and acquired. Any [revocat]ion, lawsuit, or litigation is void. (15) [Whoever in] the future lodges a complaint and seeks [a law]suit against Urdu and his sons, (18)…

SAA 14 476. A Court Decision on Behalf of Silim-Aššur

(1) The case which Sil[im-Aššur] argued with Sunî [......]. They approached the [...]. (4) Silim-[Aššur]. (unused seal space) (Rest destroyed or too broken for translation)

SAA 14 477. Purchase of Land (664) (ADD 0398)

(1) [Seal of NN], owner of the field being sold. (cylinder seal impression) (2) [...]... in the town of Mi[r...], [adjoining DN]-šarru-uṣur, adjoining the city of Lahi[..., ...], adjoining a cave [..., adjoining] Aššur-belu-taqqin, [..., adjoin]ing Didî, [...] (Break) (r 1) [Witness] Sasî. (r 2) [Witness In]urtî. (r 3) [Witness ...]utu, son of Hari[...]. (r 4) [Witness A]dallala, conscript [...]. (r 5) [Witness Na]bû-šallim, conscript (of) [NN]. (r 6) [Witness D]idî. (r 7) [Witness Ba]nî. (r 8) [Witness ...]šušu. (r 9) [Witness ...]labarsu. (one line erased) (r 11) [Witness ...]-eriba, scri[be]. (r 12) [Month ..., x]th [day], epony[m] year of [Šarru-lu-da]ri, governor of Du[r-Šarruken].

SAA 14 478. Fragment of a Witness List (ADD 1201)

(Beginning destroyed) (r 3) Witness [NN]. (r 4) Witness Ahu-la-amaš[ši]. (r 5) Witness Agu[...]. (r 6) Witness Nergal-ša[rru-uṣur]. (r 7) [Witness] Nabû-[...]. (Rest destroyed)

SAA 14 479. Fragment of a Remanni-Adad Document (ADD 1254)

(Beginning destroyed) (2) [.... in] Izalla — (3) [Remanni]-Adad, chief [chariot driver has contracted] (Rest destroyed)

~650 BCE·Neo-AssyrianEditorial

Epic of Gilgamesh, Tablet XI (the Flood)

The single most important literary discovery of the 19th century. It rewired the understanding of the Bible's literary context and proved that the Mesopotamian flood tradition is older. It is the oldest surviving epic poetry in human history.

MythologyWriting & Literature

Aššur-etel-ilāni 01

Aššur-etel-ilāni's dedication of baked bricks for Ezida at Kalḫu — framed as a life-preservation rite — attests royal temple-building ideology persisting into the final turbulent years of the Assyrian Empire.

Aššur-etel-ilāni 02

Addresses Marduk as 'Enlil of the gods' and supreme arbiter of both Igīgū and Anunnakū — attesting the late Assyrian theological strategy of absorbing Babylonian divine supremacy into royal piety.

Aššur-etel-ilāni 03

(1) For the god Marduk, supreme lord, exalted hero, lord of lords, exalted, wh(ose) figure is splendid (and who) is vastly superior to all of the (other) gods, bearer of the awe-inspiring, terrible radiance, clothed in splendor, (5) who drove [off] the god Kingu, defeated the angry sea, (and) overcame the evil ones, who dwells in Eešerke — which is inside Sippar-Aruru — great lord, his lord: (8) Aššur-etel-ilāni, king of the world (and) king of Assyria, son of Ashurbanipal, king of the world (and) king of Assyria, (10) had a scepter of red gold made which was (then) presented for his…

Aššur-etel-ilāni 04

(1a) For the god Uraš, exalted lord, foremost of the great gods of E-ibbi-Anum — the shrine (which is) worthy of honor — great lord, his lord: (2b) Aššur-etel-ilāni, king of Assyria, who renovated the shrine(s) of the great gods, son of Ashurbanipal, king of Assyria, shepherd of the black-headed, renovated E-ibbi-Anum, the holy place which is inside Dilbat, the abode of the god Uraš and the goddess Ninegal. He built (it) anew with baked bricks, the craft of the god Baḫar and, with regard to the foundation of the well, he (re-)established its position just as (it had been) in ancient times.…

Aššur-etel-ilāni 05

(1) For [the god Enlil, lord of the la]nds, his [lord: Aššu]r-etel-ilāni, (5) his obedient [shephe]rd, who provides for Nippur, supporter of Ekur, mighty king, king of the four quarters (of the world), (re)built (10) Ekur, his beloved temple with baked bricks.

Aššur-etel-ilāni 06

(1) The tomb of Šamaš-ibni, the Dakkurian, upon whom Aššur-etel-ilāni, king of Assyria, had pity, brought from Assyria to Bīt-Dakkūri, his (own) country, and laid to rest in a tomb inside his home of Dūru-ša-Ladīni (“Fortress of Ladīnu”). (4) Whoever you are, whether governor or commander or judge or prince, who is appointed in the land, do not harm this tomb or (its) bone(s)! (But rather) look after its position (and) extend (your) good protection over it! For (doing) this, may the god Marduk, the great lord, lengthen your reign, establish his good protection over you, (and) bless your name,…

Sîn-šarru-iškun 01

Royal titulary of Sîn-šarru-iškun invokes ten deities across the Assyrian and Babylonian pantheons, documenting the deliberate theological diplomacy of the last generation of Sargonid kings before Nineveh fell in 612 BCE.

Sîn-šarru-iškun 02

Preserves the legitimating titulary of a late Sargonid king — likely Sîn-šarru-iškun — showing Sîn, Marduk, and Ea each conferring distinct attributes of rule within decades of Assyria's fall.

Sîn-šarru-iškun 03

Attests Sîn-šarru-iškun's full Sargonid titulary — king of Assyria, Sumer, and Akkad — anchoring his legitimacy claim within a dynastic chain stretching back to Sargon II, just years before Assyria's collapse in 612 BCE.

Sîn-šarru-iškun 04

Attests Sîn-šarru-iškun's building activity along the Tigris in the final decade of the Assyrian Empire, adding fragmentary but direct epigraphic evidence to a reign otherwise poorly documented in royal inscriptions.

Sîn-šarru-iškun 05

Attests late Sargonid royal building rhetoric — the formulaic 'foundation to crenellation' restoration topos — applied to an Assyrian cultic or palatial structure in the empire's final decades before Nineveh's fall in 612 BCE.

Sîn-šarru-iškun 06

(1) [I, Sîn-šar]ra-iškun, great king, strong king, king of the world, k[ing of Assyria, favored by the deities Aššur], Enlil, (and) Mullissu; pious governor, [... of Ešarra, humble ruler; chos]en by the steadfast hearts of the deities Sîn, Ningal, Šamaš, and Aya; beloved of [the deities Marduk, Zarpanītu, Nabû, (and) Tašmētu; the one chosen by the goddess Ištar who res]ides in Nineveh (and) the goddess Ištar who resides in Arbela, favorit[e of the gods Nergal and Nusku; (5) the one whom (the god) Aššur, the goddess Mulliss]u, and the great gods, my lords, steadfastly l[ooked upon] among my…

Sîn-šarru-iškun 07

Royal titulary of Sîn-šarru-iškun, one of Assyria's last kings before Nineveh fell in 612 BCE, attesting the Sargonid court's continued investment in divine-legitimation rhetoric even as the empire was collapsing.

Sîn-šarru-iškun 08

(i' 1') [conceiv]ed [in] my [heart to (re)buil]d [t]hat [temple] and [want]ed (to carry it out). [According to] its [original pla]n, [on] its [form]er [sit]e, [in a favorable month, (on) an au]spicious [day, according to the craft of the incantation pri]est, [... I fille]d in its [foundat]ion [with limesto]ne and [made (it) as high] as [a mount]ain. [I built (and) complet]ed (it) [from] its [foundation(s) to] its [crenellations. ...] (ii' 1') [I] offered [prime quality prize bulls (and) f]atten[ed fat-t]ai[led sheep] as pu[re] food offe[rings] befo[re] the god Nabû (and) the goddess [Tašmētu, my] lords, and (thus) I lavis[hly provided (for them) [insi]de (that) temp[le. The god Na]bû (and) the goddess Taš[mētu loo]ke[d with pleasure upon my good deed]s [and]

Sîn-šarru-iškun 09

(i 1') As[syria]; the one who[m (the god) Aššur], the king [of the gods], with [his] benevol[ent] g[lance], looked [with] ple[asure upon and] selecte[d] for king[ship; to] ma[ke firm] (ii 1) [...] ... [to make the foundation of] the land [f]irm, [to dir]ect [the peo]ple of [As]syria, [...] ... (iii 1) governor of Babylon, king of the land of Sum[er] and Akk[ad]; (5) son of Sennac[herib], grea[t] king, stro[ng] king, king of [the world], (iv 1) they (the gods) [guided me and] ... [...] (vi 1') [May they (the gods) make his name, his seed], (and) his offspring [disa]ppear [from the land]. (vi 3') [..., ... day], eponymy of [Aššur-mātu]-taqqin, [gover]nor of [the city (Up)pummu].

Sîn-šarru-iškun 10

(1) I, [Sîn-šarra-i]škun, great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria; the one whom the deities Aššur, [Mullissu, M]arduk, Zarpanītu, Nabû, (and) Tašmētu steadfastly looked upon with their benevolent glance and selected for kingship; whom the light of heaven, the god Sîn, crowned with the crown of lordship to make the foundation of the land firm, to direct the people, to put in order what is confused, (5) (and) to repair what is destroyed; whose hand the god Nabû, overseer of the world, made grasp a just scepter (and) a true staff for shepherding a widespread population;…

Sîn-šarru-iškun 11

(1) I, Sîn-šarra-iškun, great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria; son of Ashurbanipal, great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, king of the land of Sumer and Akkad; son of Esarhaddon, great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, governor of Babylon, king of the land of Sumer and Akkad; son of Sennacherib, great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, ruler who has no rival; descendant of Sargon (II), great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, governor of Babylon, king of the land of Sumer and Akkad: (2b)…

Sîn-šarru-iškun 12

(1) I, Sîn-šarra-iškun, great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria; son of Ashurbanipal, king of the world, king of Assyri[a]; son of Esarhaddon, king of the world, king of Ass[yria]; (5) son of Sennacherib, king of the world, king of Assyria; [de]s[cenda]nt of Sargon (II), king of the world, king of Assyria, [governor of B]abylon, king of the land of Sumer and Akkad: (8) At [the beginning of] my [king]ship, when the deities Aššur, Bēl (Marduk), Nabû, (and) [Ištar] gladly placed me (10) on the th[rone of the fa]ther who had engendered me, in place of an empty lot I built…

Sîn-šarru-iškun 13

Names four generations of Sargonid kings in a single titulary chain, offering a fixed synchronic anchor for the dynasty's self-legitimating genealogy in the final decade before Assyria's collapse.

Sîn-šarru-iškun 14

(1) [Palac]e of Sîn-šarra-iškun, great king, [strong] king, [king of the world, king of Assyria; son of As]hurbanipal, great king, strong king, king of the world, king of [Assyria; son of Es]arhaddon, great king, strong king, k[ing of the world, king of Assyria; son of Senn]acherib, great king, s[trong] king, [king of the world, king of Assyria; (5) descendan]t of Sargon (II), [great] k[ing, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, ...]