Read Chronology Themes Tablets Engine About

Menu

Read
Chronology
Themes
Tablets
Engine
About

Sumerian · Book

Reading the tablets…

A curated narrative reconstruction of humanity's first great civilization, sourced from the tablets themselves. Open scholarship, beautifully accessible.

The site

About the project The engine Dossiers FAQ Methodology Sources & licensing Provenance & ethics Contact & support

Legal

Privacy policy Terms of use llms.txt Sitemap

Independent scholarship · No academic affiliation · No institutional funding · Tablet imagery attributed per item via CDLI, ETCSL, ORACC, Wikimedia, and public museum collections.

Home
All tablets

The corpus

All tablets.

Every tablet in the corpus — sortable by date, title or period; filterable by theme and period. Use the controls below or change the URL parameters directly.

Search

Sort

Oldest first Newest first Title (A–Z)By period

Theme

Religion & Myth Law Economy Astronomy & Mathematics Daily Life Writing & Literature

Period

Ubaid Uruk Period Early Dynastic Akkadian Empire Ur III · Neo-Sumerian Old Babylonian Old Assyrian Middle Babylonian Middle Assyrian Neo-Assyrian Neo-Babylonian Achaemenid Persian

Source

Editorial Sumerian literature Sumerian royal Assyrian royal Assyrian archives

593 of 102,257 tablets · 5 filters activeClear filters

251–300 of 593

Page 6 / 12

~2450 BCE·Early Dynastic

ETCSRI

En-anatum I 20

(i 1') (When) ... from .... .... and made the E-ana exceed all the mountains for (Inana), then Luma-tur, child of En-ana-tum, fashioned numerous inscribed clay nails, and embellished the E-ana for her with them.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-anatum II 1

(1) For Ninĝirsu, Enlil's warrior. (3) En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, chosen by Nanše in the heart, chief governor of Ninĝirsu, child of En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, restored (Ninĝirsu's) brewery for Ninĝirsu. (16) The personal god of En-ana-tum, the restorer of Ninĝirsu's brewery, is Šul-MUŠxPA.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-entarzi 1

(1) Geme-Bau, child of En-entarzid, temple administrator of Ninĝirsu.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

EN.ME-barage-si 2

(1) En-me-barage-si, king of Kiš.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 01

(i 1) Enlil, the king of all lands, the father of all gods, fixed the border between Ninĝirsu and Šara by his firm command. By the order of Ištaran, Me-silim, king of Kiš measured it off and erected a stela on that place. Uš, ruler of Umma, treated these (commands) as if they did not pertain to him: he removed the stela and repositioned it towards the plain of Lagaš. By (Enlil’s) just command, Ninĝirsu, Enlil’s warrior, did battle with Umma. By Enlil’s command, he cast on it the great battle-net, and heaped up a burial mound for it on the plain. (i 32) E-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, paternal…

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 02

(i 1) For Ninĝirsu, Enlil’s warrior. (i 3) En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, chosen by Nanše in the heart, chief governor of Ninĝirsu, constructed the lofty dyke of the border demarcated by Enlil for Ninĝirsu. For Ninĝirsu, his master who loves him, En-metena extended it from the Idnun canal until Mubikura. He erected a stela for him in the field at Ninĝirsu’s border. (v 1) The personal god of En-metena, the constructor of Ninĝirsu’s lofty dyke, is Šul-MUŠxPA.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 04

(i 1) For Lugal-emuš. (i 2) En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, chosen by Nanše in the heart, chief governor of Ninĝirsu, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, built the sanctuary of Dugru for Ninĝirsu, built him the A-huš, the temple that is looked upon with favour, and made them worthy of him. He fashioned him the chariot that heaps up the foreign lands for Ninĝirsu, the "May all bow down!" of the road to Eridug, whose fearsomeness (reaches) until the heart of the foreign lands. He built him the E-dur-zile. (iii 3) For Lugal-Uruba he built his great temple in Urub. For Nanše he built the E-engur in…

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 06

(i 1) For Ninĝirsu of the E-ninnu, En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, built his temple, decorated it with gold and silver, and embellished it with inscribed clay nails.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 07

(1) For Ninĝirsu, Enlil’s warrior. (3) En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, chosen by Nanše in the heart, chief governor of Ninĝirsu, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, fashioned a gurgur vessel of purified silver for Ninĝirsu, his master who loves him, from which Ninĝirsu consumes the monthly oil (offering). He displayed it for his well-being for Ninĝirsu of the E-ninnu. (21) At that time Dudu was the temple administrator of Ninĝirsu.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 08

(i 1) For Ninĝirsu, Enlil’s warrior. (i 3) The personal god of En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, chosen by Nanše in the heart, chief governor of Ninĝirsu, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, the builder of Ninĝirsu’s reed shrine of the high temple, is Šul-MUŠxPA.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 09

(1) For Ninĝirsu, Enlil’s warrior. (3) The personal god of En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, the builder of Ninĝirsu’s reed shrine of the high temple, is Šul-MUŠxPA.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 10

(1) The personal god of En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, the builder of Ninĝirsu’s reed shrine of the high temple, is Šul-MUŠxPA.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 12

(i 1) For Ninĝirsu, Enlil’s warrior. (i 3) En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, descendant of Ur-Nanše, king of Lagaš, built the sanctuary of Dugru for Ninĝirsu. He built the Ahuš, the temple that is looked upon with favour, for him. (iii 5) For Lugal-Uruba, he built his great temple in Urub. (iv 2) For Nanše, he built the E-engur in Zulum. (iv 5) For Enki, king of Eridug, he built the Abzu-pasira. (v 2) For Ninhursaĝa, he built the high temple of Tirkug. (v 6) For Ninĝirsu, he built the Antasura, the temple whose fearsome radiance covers all the lands. (vi 4) For…

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 13

(i 1) For Ninĝirsu, Enlil’s warrior. (i 3) The personal god of En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, the builder of Ninĝirsu’s brewery, is Šul-MUŠxPA.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 14

(1) For Ninĝirsu, Enlil’s warrior, En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, built a coach-house. (8) The personal god of En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, the builder of the coach-house, is Šul-MUŠxPA.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 15

(i 1) For Ninĝirsu, Enlil’s warrior. (i 3) En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, chosen by Nanše in the heart, chief governor of Ninĝirsu, given wisdom by Enki, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, for Ninĝirsu, his master who loves him, constructed the garden of the personal quarters. ... its entrance ....

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 16

(1) For Ninĝirsu, Enlil’s warrior, En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, built the sanctuary of Dugru. He built the Ahuš, the temple that is looked upon with favour, for him. (14) For Nanše, he built the E-engur in Zulum, and built her high temple for her. He built the E-šage-pada. (21) For Enlil, he built the E-adda in Imsaĝ. (25) He built the temple of Ĝatumdug. (27) He built the temple of Ninmah, the high temple of Tirkug. (31) For Lugal-Uruba, he built his great temple in Urub. (35) For Enki, king of Eridug, he built the Abzu-pasira. (38) For Ninĝirsu, he built th…

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 17

(shoulder i 1) En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, parceled out 25 bur of land, (a field called) En-ana-tum-sur-Nanše-etaed, 11 bur of land, (a field called) Nizuh-šub in the marshland of Niĝin, next to the holy canal, and 60 bur of land, (a field called) Enlil in the area of Gu-edena for Enlil of the E-adda. (statue i 1) For Enlil of the E-adda. (statue i 3) En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, chosen by Nanše in the heart, chief governor of Ninĝirsu, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, descendant of Ur-Nanše, king of Lagaš, built the sanctuary of Dugru for Ninĝirsu, built him the A-huš, the temple that is…

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 19

(i 1) For Nanše of the E-engur. (i 3) En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, chosen by Nanše in the heart, chief governor of Ninĝirsu, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, built the E-engur in the field of Zulum for Nanše, decorated it for her with gold and silver, made it worthy of her, and embellished it for her with inscribed clay nails.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 20

(1) For Nanše of the Šeše-ĝara, En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, chosen by Nanše in the heart, chief governor of Ninĝirsu, chosen brother of Nindara, the mighty master, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, fashioned a door of white cedar, and installed it in the temple for his well-being.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 21

(1) For Ĝatumdug, the mother of Lagaš. (3) The personal god of En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, the builder of Ĝatumdug's temple, is Šul-MUŠxPA.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 22

(1) For Ĝatumdug, En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, chosen by Nanše in the heart, chief governor of Ninĝirsu, the child born by Ĝatumdug, ....

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 23

(1) For Lugal-Uruba, Ama-ušumgal-ana. (3) When Nanše gave the kingship of Lagaš to En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, chosen by Nanše in the heart, chief governor of Ninĝirsu, child of En-ana-tum, and Ninĝirsu proclaimed his name, then for Lugal-Uruba, En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, built his great temple in Urub, decorated it with gold and silver, and assigned precious metals, lapis lazuli, 20 oxen, and 20 sheep to Lugal-Uruba's courtyard as regular offering. (31) The personal god of En-metena, the builder of Lugal-Uruba's temple, is Šul-MUŠxPA.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 24

(1) For Bau, the kind woman, En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, chosen by Nanše in the heart, ....

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 25

(i 1') ..., for Nanše he built the E-engur in Zulum. For Enki, king of Eridug, he built the Abzu-pasira. For Ninhursaĝa, ..... (ii 1') (When) ... gave ..., he displayed (this) bursaj vessel for (Inana). May ....

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 26

(i 1) For Ninĝirsu, Enlil’s warrior. (i 3) When Ninĝirsu chose him from Ĝirnun in his holy heart, and decided his fate from the E-ninnu, and Nanše looked at him with favour from Sirara, then En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, given strength by Enlil, nourished on rich milk by Ninhursaĝa, chosen by Nanše in the heart, chief governor of Ninĝirsu, the child born to Lugal-Uruba, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, built a weir on the Lumagin-dug canal for Ninĝirsu with the use of 648000 fired bricks and 1840 standard gur of bitumen. (iv 9) He fashioned ... of Ninĝirsu .... (v 2) He released (the people…

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 27

(i 1) For Ninĝirsu, Enlil’s warrior. (i 3) En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, built the great temple of Antasura for Ninĝirsu, and decorated it with gold and silver. He constructed the garden of the personal quarters, and installed numerous wells of fired brick in it for him. (ii 8) At that time, his servant Dudu, the temple administrator of Ninĝirsu, built the wall alongside Sala in Gu-edena, and named it for his sake "The temple is the guard against the plain". He built the wall of the ferry harbour in Ĝirsu, and named it for his sake “The lord is vigour”. (iv 4)…

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 28

(Main Text, 1) For Ninĝirsu of the E-ninnu, Dudu, the temple administrator of Ninĝirsu, transported (this material) from Arawa, and fashioned this (plaque) for (using it with) the roof-beam nails. (Caption 1, 1) Dudu, the exalted temple administrator of Ninĝirsu.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 29

(1) (Weight stone of 1) mana for (measuring) wool rations, (certified by) Dudu, the temple administrator.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 30

(1) For/to Ninĝirsu of the Ahuš, En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, chosen by Nanše in the heart, chief governor of Ninĝirsu, child of En-ana-tum, ....

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 32add

(1') The personal god of ..., ruler of Lagaš, the builder of the E-muš, is Šul-MUŠxPA. (6') At that time En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, and Lugal-kiĝeneš-dudu, ruler of Unug, established brotherhood.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 33add

(i 1) For Lugal-emuš, En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš built and restored the E-muš in Patibira, his beloved temple.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 34add

(1) (Weight stone of) 1 mana for, (certified by) Dudu, the temple administrator of Urub.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 35add (A. Khwshnaw -- G. Zólyomi, Hungarian Assyriological Review 1 (2020), 23–37)

(i 1) By his firm command, Enlil, the king of all lands, the father of all gods .... ... (Uš) removed the stela and repositioned it towards the plain of Lagaš. (i 22) By (Enlil’s) just command, Ninĝirsu, Enlil’s warrior, did battle with Umma. By Enlil’s command, he cast on it the great battle-net, and heaped up a burial mound for it on the plain. (ii 1') The leader of Umma took ... as interest bearing loan. It yielded interest and accummulated to 144,000 guru. As this (amount) of barley could not be repaid, Ur-Luma, ruler of Umma, washed away Ninĝirsu’s and Nanše’s boundary dyke. He set fire…

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 36add (D. Nadali -- L. Verderame, Iraq 2021)

(i 1) The personal god of En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, the builder of Nanše’s lofty temple terrace, is Šul-MUŠxPA.

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

Il 1

(1) For Uttu, Il, king of Umma, child of E-anda-mua, descendant of En-akale, king of Umma, built his temple.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

Lugal-Anda 2

(i 1') ... of Lagaš, šhosen by Nanše in the hearṭ entrusted with the lofty sšeptre by Ninĝirsu, the šhild born by Bau, ... (ii 1') ... of Lagaš, erešted a stela for for Ninĝirsu, his master who loves him, and named it "Ninĝirsu, the lord, is eternally eₓalted in Nibru" for him. (iii 1') ... fashioned his (own) statue, named him "Lugal-Anda-nuhuĝa is never tired of šaring for Ĝirnun", .... (iv 1') ....

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

Lugal-kigine-dudu 2

(1) For An, king of all lands, and Inana, lady of the E-ana, Lugal-kiĝeneš-dudu, king of Kiš. (5) After Inana combined the title of en and the title of king for Lugal-kiĝeneš-dudu, he ruled as en in Unug, while he ruled as king in Urim. (15) When Inana blessed Lugal-kiĝeneš-dudu, Lugal-kiĝeneš-dudu dedicated this (vessel) to Inana, his lady for his (own) well-being.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

Lugal-kigine-dudu 3a

(1) To Enlil, Lugal-kiĝeneš-dudu dedicated this.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

Lugal-kigine-dudu 3b

(1) To Enlil, Lugal-kiĝeneš-dudu dedicated this (disk).

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

Lugal-kigine-dudu 5

(1') ..., the scribe, Lugal-kiĝeneš-dudu ....

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

Lugal-kigine-dudu 7add (FAOS 05/2, Lugalkiginnedudu 05)

(1) For/to Enlil, Lugal-kiĝeneš-dudu ....

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

Lugal-zage-si 1

(i 1) For Dumuzid, king of E. (i 3) Lugal-zage-si, ruler of Umma, lumah priest of Nisaba, child of Bubu, ruler of Umma, lumah priest of Nisaba, built his temple for Dumuzid, king of E, for his well-being. He drove in its foundation pegs, and put its divine powers in good order. (ii 6) He built the temple of Lisi. He built the temple of Nisaba. He built the E-ĝidru of Umma. He built the E-ĝidru of Ki'an.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

Lugal-zage-si 2

(i 1') ..., king of Unug, provider of Inana, the man of Meš-saĝĝa-Unuga, the child born by Nisaba, ..., ... by Inana, given wisdom by Enki, the servant reared by Ningirim, ....

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

Mes-Ane-pada 1

(1) To An, his master, Meš-Ane-pada, king of Urim, child of Meš-kalam-dug, king of Kiš, dedicated this (bead).

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

Ur-Nanše 02

(Upper Text, 1) Ur-Nanše, king of Lagaš, child of Gunidu, citizen of Gursar, built the temple of Ninĝirsu. (Upper Text, 7) He built the Abzu-banda. (Upper Text, 9) He built the temple of Nanše. (Lower Text, 1) Ur-Nanše, king of Lagaš, established control of the Dilmun-boats (coming) from the foreign countries. (Upper Captions, 1) Anita. (Upper Captions, 2) Abda, child. (Upper Captions, 3) Aya-kurgal, child. (Upper Captions, 4) Lugal-ezen, child. (Upper Captions, 5) Ani-kura, child. (Upper Captions, 6) Mukuršubata, child. (Lower Captions, 1) Adda-tur, child. (Lower Captions, 2) Menusura, child.…

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

Ur-Nanše 03

(1) Ur-Nanše, king of Lagaš, child of Gunidu, built the temple of Ninĝirsu. (Upper Captions, 1) Lugal-ezen. (Upper Captions, 2) Gula. (Lower Captions, 1) Anita. (Lower Captions, 2) Aya-kurgal, child. (Lower Captions, 3) Barag-sagnudi.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

Ur-Nanše 04

(1) Ur-Nanše, king of Lagaš, child of Gunidu, built the temple of Ninĝirsu. (7) He built the temple of Nanše. (9) He built the Abzu-banda. (11) He built the Šeše-ĝara. (Upper Captions, 1') Awil-kinatum. (Upper Captions, 2') Lugal-ezen, child. (Upper Captions, 3') Mukuršubata, child. (Upper Captions, 4') Hursaĝše-mah (Lower Captions, 1) Anita (Lower Captions, 2) Balu, chief snake charmer. (Lower Captions, 3) Aja-kurgal, child. (Lower Captions, 4) Namazu, scribe.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

Ur-Nanše 05

(Before Ur-Nanše, 1) Ur-Nanše, king of Lagaš, built the temple of Ninĝirsu. (Before Ur-Nanše, 6) He built the Abzu-banda. (After Ur-Nanše, i 1) Ur-Nanše, king of Lagaš, child of Gunidu, citizen of Gursar, built the temple of Nanše. (After Ur-Nanše, ii 3) He built the Šeše-ĝara. (After Ur-Nanše, ii 5) He established control of the Dilmun-boats. (Upper Captions, 1) Lugal-ezen, child. (Upper Captions, 2) Ani-kura, child. (Upper Captions, 3) Mukuršubata, child. (Upper Captions, 4) Aya-kurgal, child. (Lower Captions, 1) .... (Lower Captions, 2) Anunpad, child. (Lower Captions, 3) Gula, child. (Lowe…

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

Ur-Nanše 06a

(Caption 1, i 1) Ur-Nanše, child of Gunidu, ruler of Lagaš, built the Ebgal. (Caption 3, 1) Men-barag-abzu, spouse of Ur-Nanše, ruler of Lagaš. (Caption 4, 1) Nin-usura, child of Ur-Nanše, ruler of Lagaš. (Main text, i 1) Ur-Nanše, child of Gunidu, ruler of Lagaš, built the Ebgal. (Main text, ii 1') ... established šontrol of the Dilmun-boats (šoming) from the foreign šountries. (Main text, iii 9) He captured .... (Main text, iv 3) He dug .... (Main text, v 4) He fashioned (the statue of) Kindazid.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

1…5 6 7…12