Read Chronology Themes Tablets Engine About

Read
Chronology
Themes
Tablets
Engine
About

Sumerian · Book

Reading the tablets…

A curated narrative reconstruction of humanity's first great civilization, sourced from the tablets themselves. Open scholarship, beautifully accessible.

The site

About the project The engine Dossiers FAQ Methodology Sources & licensing Provenance & ethics Contact & support

Legal

Independent scholarship · No academic affiliation · No institutional funding · Tablet imagery attributed per item via CDLI, ETCSL, ORACC, Wikimedia, and public museum collections.

Home
All tablets

The corpus

All tablets.

Every tablet in the corpus — sortable by date, title or period; filterable by theme and period. Use the controls below or change the URL parameters directly.

Sort

Oldest first Newest first Title (A–Z)By period

Theme

Religion & Myth Law Economy Astronomy & Mathematics Daily Life Writing & Literature

Period

Ubaid Uruk Period Early Dynastic Akkadian Empire Ur III · Neo-Sumerian Old Babylonian Old Assyrian Middle Babylonian Middle Assyrian Neo-Assyrian Neo-Babylonian Achaemenid Persian

Source

Editorial Sumerian literature Sumerian royal Assyrian royal Assyrian archives

33,102 of 102,257 tablets · 4 filters activeClear filters

251–300 of 33102

Page 6 / 663

~2450 BCE·Early Dynastic

ETCSRI

Bara-heNIdu 2001

(1) To Ninšubur, Ur-akkila, the city elder, dedicated this (statuette) for the well-being of Baragane-dug, ruler of Adab.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

Bara-sagnudi 1

(1) For Šara, Barag-sagnudi, king of Umma, set up this (statue).

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

E-anatum 01 (RIME 1.09.03.01 (Vulture Stele) composite)

(o i 21) ... payed its interest-bearing loan, but took its barley rental. The king of Lagaš .... (o ii 23) Because of ..., the leader of Umma acted belligerently against it and defied Lagaš. Aya-kurgal, king of Lagaš, child of Ur-Nanše, .... (o iii 18) ... and he too defied Lagaš because of its own property. (o iii 23) The ... lion of Ĝirnun's innermost part, Ninĝirsu, let his voice out ...: "Umma ... my forage, my own property in the field of Gu-edena ... Lagaš .... Ninĝirsu, Enlil's warrior ....". (o iv 9) ... Ninĝirsu begot E-ana-tum. ... took delight in him. Inana took him with her, and…

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

E-anatum 03

(i 1) Enlil ... Ninĝirsu and Šara .... The leader of Umma removed the stela and repositioned it towards the plain of Lagaš. ... commanded E-ana-tum, and he destroyed Umma. ... E-ana-tum erected a stela next to the mound on which Me-silim had erected a stela. He named the stela that he erected next to it "Ninĝirsu, the lord, is eternally exalted in the abzu". (ii 18) If the leader of Umma crosses the (border) canal in order to take away fields, may Ningirsu be (like a) dragon to him, and may Enlil make salt surface in his furrows! May ... not grant hime life, and he himself ...! May ... not gra…

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

E-anatum 04

(i 1) For Ninĝirsu, Enlil’s warrior, E-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, chosen in her holy heart by Nanše, the mighty lady, who makes the foreign lands submit to Ninĝirsu, child of Aya-kurgal, ruler of Lagaš, .... (i 19) (When) he annihilated ... of Umma, who took away the Gu-edena, he returned (Ninĝirsu's) beloved field, the Gu-edena, under Ninĝirsu's control. He named the border territory of Ĝirsu's region that he returned under Ninĝirsu's control as 'Luma is chosen from Ĝirnun in the holy heart'. .... (ii 14) ..., he dedicated this (pillar) to him.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

E-anatum 05

(i 1) For Ninĝirsu. (i 2) E-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil, given strength by Ninĝirsu, chosen by Nanše in the heart, nourished on rich milk by Ninhursaĝa, called by a propitious name by Inana, given wisdom by Enki, beloved of Dumuzid-Abzu, supported by Hendursaĝ, beloved friend of Lugal-Uruba, child of Aya-kurgal, ruler of Lagaš, restored Ĝirsu for Ninĝirsu. He built the city-wall of Irikug. He built Niĝin for Nanše. (iii 12) E-ana-tum defeated Elam, the marvelous mountain range and piled up a burial mound for it. (iii 17) He defeated Arawa, whose ruler marched…

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

E-anatum 06

(i 1) For Nanše, E-ana-tum built the city-wall of Lagaš and had it manned. (i 6) E-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil, given strength by Ninĝirsu, chosen by Nanše in the heart, nourished on rich milk by Ninhursaĝa, called by a propitious name by Inana, given wisdom by Enki, beloved of Dumuzid-Abzu, supported by Hendursaĝ, child of Aya-kurgal, ruler of Lagaš, restored Ĝirsu for Ninĝirsu. He built the city-wall of Irikug. He built Niĝin for Nanše. (iii 11) E-ana-tum defeated Elam, the marvelous mountain range and piled up a burial mound for it. (iii 16) He defeated…

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

E-anatum 07a

(i 1) E-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, who makes the foreign lands submit to Ninĝirsu, subjugated Elam and Subartu to Ninĝirsu. (ii 4) He built the temple of Tiraš and made it resplendent for him. (ii 7) E-ana-tum, who submits to the orders of Ninĝirsu, is someone, who has no opponent throughout all lands by the might of Ninĝirsu.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

E-anatum 07b

(1') ..., he built the temple of Tiras for him. ...

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

E-anatum 08

(i 1) E-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil, given strenght by Ninĝirsu, chosen by Nanše in the heart, nourished on rich milk by Ninhursaĝa, called by a propitious name by Inana, child of Akurgal, ruler of Lagaš, built Ĝirsu for Ninĝirsu, and built Niĝin for Nanše. (iii 5) E-ana-tum defeated Elam, the marvelous mountain range, and piled up a burial mound for it. (iii 10) He defeated Arawa, whose ruler marched with its standard in the vanguard, and piled up a burial mound for it. (iv 6) He defeated Umma, and piled up 20 burial mounds for it. He restored the field of…

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

E-anatum 10

(i 1) For Ninĝirsu, Enlil’s warrior. (i 4) E-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, given strength by Ninĝirsu, the man who returned Ninĝirsu's beloved field, the Gu-edena, under his control, E-ana-tum, who makes the foreign lands submit to Ninĝirsu, child of Aya-kurgal, ruler of Lagaš, built the E-za for Ninĝirsu with precious metal and lapis lazuli. He built for him the storehouse of ... and heaped up piles of grain in it. (iii 6) The personal god of E-ana-tum, entrusted with the sceptre by Ninĝirsu, is Šul-MUŠxPA.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

E-anatum 11

(Side 1, iii 1') .... He defeated .... He defeated Uruk. He defeated Urim. .... (Side 1, iv 1) The personal god of E-ana-tum, the builder of Ĝatumdug's temple, is Šul-MUŠxPA. (Side 1, iv 5) E-ana-tum fashioned (the statue of) Nanše. .... (Side 1, v 1) When ..., he assigned regular offerings to the lofty high temple for Nanše; he assigned regular offerings to ... for Ninĝirsu, he assigned regular offerings to Nibru for Enlil. .... (Side 4, i 1') He brought (this mortar) before Nanše in the E-mah.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

E-anatum 12

(1') ..., E-ana-tum, king of Lagaš, given strength by Enlil, ....

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

E-anatum 13

(i 1') .... (When Ninĝirsu) plašed all lands in his hand, and plašed the rebellious lands at his feeṭ then E-ana-tum, whose name was prošlaimed by Ninĝirsu, .... ....

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

E-anatum 14

(i 1') ..., who makes the foreign lands submit to Ninĝirsu, .... (ii 1') ... he returned ..., he dug a new šanal, ....

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

E-anatum 16

(i 1') ... he annihilated. From Ĝirsu .... (ii 1') .... He returned (Ninĝirsuś) beloved field, the Gu-edena, under Ninĝirsuś šontrol. .... (iii 1') ... field, ... field ....

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

E-anatum 18

(i 1') ..., given strength by Enlil, given wisdom by Enki, ..., (ii 1') ..., whose name was proclaimed by Hendursaĝ, beloved friend of Lugal-Uruba, child of Aya-kurgal, ruler of Lagaš, ....

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

E-anatum 19

(1') ... of Lagaš, šhild of Aya-kurgal, ....

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

E-anatum 22add

(i 1) E-ana-tum, child of Aya-kurgal, ruler of Lagaš, bought a garden with an area of 1 bur and 2 iku from the brother of Amar-egala, the travelling merchant. He paid 2 mana silver for him. The gift was 1 pot of beer.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

E-anatum 23add (AAICAB 1/2, pl. 170, 1930-204)

(1') ... šhild of Aya-kurgal, ruler of Lagaš ....

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

E-pa-e 1

(1) The temple builder of Ninegala, E-pa-e, king of Adab.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-anatum I 01

(1) En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-anatum I 04

(1) For Ninĝirsu, Enlil’s warrior, En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, who makes the foreign lands submit to Ninĝirsu, child of Aya-kurgal, ruler of Lagaš, fashioned this vessel for crushing garlic, and dedicated it to Ninĝirsu for his well-being in the E-ninnu.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-anatum I 05

(i 1) For Inana, lady of all lands. (i 3) En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, chosen by Nanše in the heart, chief governor of Ninĝirsu, called by a propitious name by Inana, the child born to Lugal-Uruba, child of Aya-kurgal, ruler of Lagaš, beloved brother of E-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, built the Ebgal for Inana, made the E-ana exceed all the mountains, decorated it with gold and silver, and made it worthy of her. (iii 6) May Šul-MUŠxPA, the personal god of En-ana-tum, who submits to the orders of Inana, pay obeisance to Inana in the Ebgal perpetually for the well-being of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš!…

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-anatum I 06

(i 1) For Inana of the Ebgal, En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, built the Ebgal, made it exceed all the mountains. ....

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-anatum I 07

(1) En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, the builder of the Ebgal, ....

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-anatum I 10

(i 1) When he built the Ebgal for Inana, restored his temple for Nindara, the mighty master, built his temple for Hendursaĝa, built his great temple in Urub for Lugal-Uruba, and built her temple in Saĝub for Ama-ĝeštin-ana, then for Lugal-Uruba, his powerful servant En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, child of Aya-kurgal, ruler of Lagaš, built the great storehouse of Urub. (iii 7) May this (stone boulder) pay obeisance to Lugal-Uruba in the great temple of Urub, for his (En-ana-tum’s) well-being.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-anatum I 12

(i 1') .... (ii 1') ... assigned ... to Lugal-Urubaś šourtyard as regular offering. En-ana-tum ... for Ama-ĝeštin-ana. (iii 1') He had them/it bring healthy goats and healthy kids. He had them/it bring healthy cows and healthy calves. He ... swift donkey stallions with breeding she-asses.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-anatum I 15

(i 1) For Lugal-Uruba, Ama-ušumgal-ana. (i 3) When En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, chosen by Nanše in the heart, chief governor of Ninĝirsu, the child born to Lugal-Uruba, the child of Aya-kurgal, ruler of Lagaš, the beloved brother of E-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, built the Ebgal for Inana, made the E-ana exceed all the mountains, (then) Me-ane-dug, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, fashioned his (own) statue, and brought it before Lugal-Uruba in the temple. (ii 9) May it pay obeisance to Lugal-Uruba in the great temple of Urub for the well-being of his father, En-ana-tum, for the well-being of h…

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-anatum I 16

(1') ... Aya-šurmen, spouse of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, ....

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-anatum I 18

(i 1) En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, whose name was proclaimed by Inana, built the Ebgal. (i 8) (When) he made the E-ana exceed all the mountains for (Inana), then Šuni-aldugud, his servant, the chief barber to whom the office of the personal quarters' overseer was also given, fashioned numerous inscribed clay nails, and embellished the E-ana for her with them.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-anatum I 19

(1) To Ninĝirsu of the Eninnu, Barag-kisumun, a man of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, the envoy, dedicated this (mace) for the well-being of his king, En-ana-tum.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-anatum I 20

(i 1') (When) ... from .... .... and made the E-ana exceed all the mountains for (Inana), then Luma-tur, child of En-ana-tum, fashioned numerous inscribed clay nails, and embellished the E-ana for her with them.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-anatum II 1

(1) For Ninĝirsu, Enlil's warrior. (3) En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, chosen by Nanše in the heart, chief governor of Ninĝirsu, child of En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, restored (Ninĝirsu's) brewery for Ninĝirsu. (16) The personal god of En-ana-tum, the restorer of Ninĝirsu's brewery, is Šul-MUŠxPA.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-entarzi 1

(1) Geme-Bau, child of En-entarzid, temple administrator of Ninĝirsu.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

EN.ME-barage-si 2

(1) En-me-barage-si, king of Kiš.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 01

(i 1) Enlil, the king of all lands, the father of all gods, fixed the border between Ninĝirsu and Šara by his firm command. By the order of Ištaran, Me-silim, king of Kiš measured it off and erected a stela on that place. Uš, ruler of Umma, treated these (commands) as if they did not pertain to him: he removed the stela and repositioned it towards the plain of Lagaš. By (Enlil’s) just command, Ninĝirsu, Enlil’s warrior, did battle with Umma. By Enlil’s command, he cast on it the great battle-net, and heaped up a burial mound for it on the plain. (i 32) E-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, paternal…

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 02

(i 1) For Ninĝirsu, Enlil’s warrior. (i 3) En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, chosen by Nanše in the heart, chief governor of Ninĝirsu, constructed the lofty dyke of the border demarcated by Enlil for Ninĝirsu. For Ninĝirsu, his master who loves him, En-metena extended it from the Idnun canal until Mubikura. He erected a stela for him in the field at Ninĝirsu’s border. (v 1) The personal god of En-metena, the constructor of Ninĝirsu’s lofty dyke, is Šul-MUŠxPA.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 04

(i 1) For Lugal-emuš. (i 2) En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, chosen by Nanše in the heart, chief governor of Ninĝirsu, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, built the sanctuary of Dugru for Ninĝirsu, built him the A-huš, the temple that is looked upon with favour, and made them worthy of him. He fashioned him the chariot that heaps up the foreign lands for Ninĝirsu, the "May all bow down!" of the road to Eridug, whose fearsomeness (reaches) until the heart of the foreign lands. He built him the E-dur-zile. (iii 3) For Lugal-Uruba he built his great temple in Urub. For Nanše he built the E-engur in…

Law

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 06

(i 1) For Ninĝirsu of the E-ninnu, En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, built his temple, decorated it with gold and silver, and embellished it with inscribed clay nails.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 07

(1) For Ninĝirsu, Enlil’s warrior. (3) En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, chosen by Nanše in the heart, chief governor of Ninĝirsu, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, fashioned a gurgur vessel of purified silver for Ninĝirsu, his master who loves him, from which Ninĝirsu consumes the monthly oil (offering). He displayed it for his well-being for Ninĝirsu of the E-ninnu. (21) At that time Dudu was the temple administrator of Ninĝirsu.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 08

(i 1) For Ninĝirsu, Enlil’s warrior. (i 3) The personal god of En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, chosen by Nanše in the heart, chief governor of Ninĝirsu, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, the builder of Ninĝirsu’s reed shrine of the high temple, is Šul-MUŠxPA.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 09

(1) For Ninĝirsu, Enlil’s warrior. (3) The personal god of En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, the builder of Ninĝirsu’s reed shrine of the high temple, is Šul-MUŠxPA.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 10

(1) The personal god of En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, the builder of Ninĝirsu’s reed shrine of the high temple, is Šul-MUŠxPA.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 12

(i 1) For Ninĝirsu, Enlil’s warrior. (i 3) En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, descendant of Ur-Nanše, king of Lagaš, built the sanctuary of Dugru for Ninĝirsu. He built the Ahuš, the temple that is looked upon with favour, for him. (iii 5) For Lugal-Uruba, he built his great temple in Urub. (iv 2) For Nanše, he built the E-engur in Zulum. (iv 5) For Enki, king of Eridug, he built the Abzu-pasira. (v 2) For Ninhursaĝa, he built the high temple of Tirkug. (v 6) For Ninĝirsu, he built the Antasura, the temple whose fearsome radiance covers all the lands. (vi 4) For…

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 13

(i 1) For Ninĝirsu, Enlil’s warrior. (i 3) The personal god of En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, the builder of Ninĝirsu’s brewery, is Šul-MUŠxPA.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 14

(1) For Ninĝirsu, Enlil’s warrior, En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, built a coach-house. (8) The personal god of En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, the builder of the coach-house, is Šul-MUŠxPA.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 15

(i 1) For Ninĝirsu, Enlil’s warrior. (i 3) En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, chosen by Nanše in the heart, chief governor of Ninĝirsu, given wisdom by Enki, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, for Ninĝirsu, his master who loves him, constructed the garden of the personal quarters. ... its entrance ....

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 16

(1) For Ninĝirsu, Enlil’s warrior, En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, built the sanctuary of Dugru. He built the Ahuš, the temple that is looked upon with favour, for him. (14) For Nanše, he built the E-engur in Zulum, and built her high temple for her. He built the E-šage-pada. (21) For Enlil, he built the E-adda in Imsaĝ. (25) He built the temple of Ĝatumdug. (27) He built the temple of Ninmah, the high temple of Tirkug. (31) For Lugal-Uruba, he built his great temple in Urub. (35) For Enki, king of Eridug, he built the Abzu-pasira. (38) For Ninĝirsu, he built th…

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2450 BCE·Early DynasticETCSRI

En-metena 17

(shoulder i 1) En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, parceled out 25 bur of land, (a field called) En-ana-tum-sur-Nanše-etaed, 11 bur of land, (a field called) Nizuh-šub in the marshland of Niĝin, next to the holy canal, and 60 bur of land, (a field called) Enlil in the area of Gu-edena for Enlil of the E-adda. (statue i 1) For Enlil of the E-adda. (statue i 3) En-metena, ruler of Lagaš, chosen by Nanše in the heart, chief governor of Ninĝirsu, child of En-ana-tum, ruler of Lagaš, descendant of Ur-Nanše, king of Lagaš, built the sanctuary of Dugru for Ninĝirsu, built him the A-huš, the temple that is…

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

← Previous

1…5 6 7…663