Position in chronology
ARET 03, 158
Translation · reference
ExperimentalSource: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P242350.
Why it matters
Transliteration
[...]-du al6#!-ra-da-mu i-da-ni-ki-mu i3-lum-a-hu [...] dag!(E2)-mulx(|AN&AN.AN&AN|)-da-mu 1(asz@c) _zi-mi! ku3:babbar_ isz-ru12-ud# [...] ma-ga-sza-du ma-ga-[...]
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ebla (ca. 2350-2250 BC)) — ARET 03, 158. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: National Museum of Syria, Idlib, Syria (P242350) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P242350..
Related tablets
Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.