Position in chronology
OSP 1, 032
Translation — curated editorial
EditorialEditorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P216097.
Transliteration
1(gesz2@c) la2 <x> gurusz en-lil2-al6-sa6 4(u@c) 2(asz@c) gurusz lugal-mu-da-ri2 8(asz@c) uri3-utu 1(u@c) 3(asz@c) lugal-da-zi 3(u@c) la2 1(asz@c) ur-en-lil2 7(asz@c) e2-uri3-gal szu-nigin2 3(gesz2@c)#? [x gurusz]
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (ED IIIb (ca. 2500-2340 BC)) — OSP 1, 032. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA (P216097) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P216097..
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Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.