Position in chronology
FTP 092
Translation · reference
ExperimentalSource: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P222168.
Why it matters
Transliteration
2(barig@c) ur#-lugal-DU#? [...] lugal#-na#-[ri]-ga# [...] [...] di-utu 1(barig@c) 3(ban2@c) [sag]-[A]-DU#?-ba#?-sum 2(barig@c) 4(ban2@c) lu2-AB-DU-GA2# 1(barig@c) 2(ban2@c) en-lil2-pa3#? KISAL# 1(barig@c) 2(ban2@c)? AB# [...] [...] [x] x KA x 2(ban2@c) ku5-da ugula-KISAL 3(barig@c) sze ur-ig-[gal?] 2(barig@c) u2-RU-[x] [x] 1(barig@c)# ur-[...]
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (ED IIIa (ca. 2600-2500 BC)) — FTP 092. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA (P222168) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P222168..
Related tablets
Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.