Position in chronology
BAM 5, 486
Translation — curated editorial
EditorialEditorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P425685.
Transliteration
_en2 sag-ki#-[ni_ ...] mu-ru-ub-bi-ni# [...] _du3-du3-bi_ asz-lam _nita2#_ [...] e-ma _ka-keszda en2 szid_-nu# [...] _ki ka-keszda_ ina _he2-me-da nigin#_ [...] _en2# id2-da-ta tir gal-gal-la#-[ta_ ...] _ul#-ul gesztin gir2 mu-un-kar#-[re_ ...] _[szu] mu2#-mu2#-e#-de3# mul#-mul#_ [...] [... _]kin_ [... _szeg6]_-szal# _gu7_
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Neo-Assyrian (ca. 911-612 BC)) — BAM 5, 486. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: British Museum, London, UK (P425685) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P425685..
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Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.