TCL 20, 121

~1900 BCE·Old Assyrian·P357687

Translation · reference

Experimental

Source: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P357687.

Why it matters

Transliteration

a-na x-[x x qi2-bi-ma]
um-ma a-szur-[du10-ma]
a-x-x / i ga [...]
sza [ta]-asz2-pu-ra-ni#
_ku3-babbar_-ap2-ka3# [...]

Scholarly note

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Old Assyrian (ca. 1950-1850 BC)) — TCL 20, 121. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

Attribution

Image: Louvre Museum, Paris, France (P357687) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P357687..

Related tablets

Related sources

~3200 BCE

Proto-Cuneiform Account Tablet

One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.

~3500 BCE

Kish Tablet

Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.

~2450 BCE

Stele of the Vultures

The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.