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Ubaid Uruk Period Early Dynastic Akkadian Empire Ur III · Neo-Sumerian Old Babylonian Old Assyrian Middle Babylonian Middle Assyrian Neo-Assyrian Neo-Babylonian Achaemenid Persian

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Page 14 / 28

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Unattributed Ur III 1030

A votive vessel dedication from an Ur III king of Ur invokes Utu as enforcer against inscription-erasers — attesting the legal-religious mechanisms kings used to protect their monumental legacy.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-Sumerian

ETCSRI

Unattributed Ur III 1035

A votive dedication by a royal guard captain to the moon-god Nanna, attesting the Ur III practice of subordinate officials commissioning inscriptions that linked their own piety to the king's titulature.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Unattributed Ur III 1036

One of the surviving Ur III royal dedications to the moon-god Nanna, attesting the formulaic piety through which Sumerian kings legitimised their rule at Ur.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Unattributed Ur III 1037

One of the reconstructed composite Ur III royal inscriptions in ETCSRI (Q001906), preserving a dedicatory address to Ninkugnuna that attests the goddess's role as a named patron deity in Sumerian royal piety.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Unattributed Ur III 1043

Votive dedication by a governor of Nippur to secure divine favour — one of many such formulaic inscriptions that collectively map the administrative hierarchy beneath Ur III kings.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Unattributed Ur III 1047add (FAOS 09/2, Ur 02)

Survives only in a dedicatory fragment naming a vessel by its cultic epithet, attesting the Ur III practice of inscribing temple bowls with formal designations that tied physical offerings to sacred space.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 02

Attests Ur-Namma's role as builder of Nanna's temple at Ur — the cultic construction project that legitimised his dynasty's rule under the moon-god's patronage, c. 2050 BCE.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 04

Royal inscription of Ur-Namma attesting his construction of Nanna's temple and Ur's city wall — physical proof that the founder of the Ur III dynasty framed monumental building as an act of divine service to the moon god.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 05

Dedicatory inscription of Ur-Namma recording the establishment of a sacred garden and sanctuary for An at Ur: evidence that royal piety toward the sky-god took monumental, horticultural form a century before Hammurabi.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 07

Dedicatory inscription attesting Ur-Namma's construction of a temple for Ninšagepada — evidence that this otherwise obscure goddess held an active cult under the Third Dynasty of Ur.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 11

Dedicatory inscription for Ur-Namma's great ziggurat at Ur, the E-temen-ni-guru: direct royal testimony linking the monument's construction to the moon-god Nanna, anchoring the city's theological identity c. 2050 BCE.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 12

Dedicatory inscription for Ur-Namma's rebuilding of the E-temen-ni-guru ziggurat at Ur — direct epigraphic testimony linking the founder of the Ur III dynasty to Nanna's great temple complex.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 15

Dedicatory inscription recording Ur-Namma's construction of a temple to Inana at Kugnun, expanding the cultic geography of Ur III royal patronage beyond the dynasty's core shrine at Ur.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 17

Records Ur-Namma restoring Magan boat traffic and sea-merchant access to quay walls — direct evidence that Ur III kings actively managed long-distance Gulf trade as an act of royal piety toward the moon-god Nanna.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 33

Attests Ur-Namma's construction of a temple for Inana, linking royal piety to political legitimacy at the height of the Ur III empire's centralised religious building programme.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 35

Dedicatory inscription in which Ur-Namma claims construction of a temple for the sun-god Utu, attesting the king's programme of sacred building as a pillar of Ur III royal legitimacy.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 36

Attests Ur-Namma's construction of Ninhursaĝa's temple at Keš, linking the founder of the Ur III dynasty to one of Sumer's oldest cult centres through royal building patronage.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 39

Records Ur-Namma's excavation of a dedicated offering canal at Ur, linking royal hydraulic engineering directly to the provisioning of temple cult under Enlil's authority.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 40

Ur-Namma's canal dedication to the moon-god Nanna at Ur attests the Ur III state's hydraulic investment as an act of royal piety, linking irrigation infrastructure directly to divine patronage.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 42

A royal inscription of Ur-Namma, founder of the Ur III dynasty and promulgator of the oldest known law code, dedicated to the moon-god Nanna — one of dozens of such dedications anchoring royal legitimacy in divine patronage.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 47

Dedicatory vow on a vase from Nanna's temple at Ur links Ur-Namma's building piety to Gilgameš as divine protector — and preserves one of the earliest epigraphic curse formulae against inscription erasure.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 49

A fragmentary Ur-Namma royal inscription that adds one more manuscript witness to the corpus defining how Ur III kings projected legal and divine authority in their own words.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 54

Attests a daughter of Ur-Namma serving as en-priestess of the moon-god Nanna at Ur, documenting the dynastic strategy of placing royal women in Mesopotamia's highest cultic offices.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 01

Royal titulary of Amar-Suena, third king of Ur III: attests the formula 'king of the four quarters' that legitimised Sumerian rulers as universal sovereigns under Enlil's divine mandate.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 02

(1) Amar-Suena, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 03

(1) For Enlil, the king of all lands, his master, Amar-Suena, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, built the Kura-igi-ĝ̃al, the ziggurat temple, his beloved temple.

Religion & Myth·Writing & Literature

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 04

(1) Amar-Suena, the powerful king.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 05

(i 1) For Enlil, the king of all lands, his master, Amar-Suena, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, installed this (door socket) at Enlil's pure foundation pit, at the place that fills Amar-Suena's heart with joy.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 06

(1) For Enlil, the king of all lands, his beloved master, Amar-Suena, nominated by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, built the temple in which syrup, ghee, and wine never cease in (Enlil's) place of offering.

Religion & Myth·Writing & Literature

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 07

(o 1') ... whose name was prošlaimed by ..., the steadfast supporter of Enlilś temple, the powerful ..., king of Urim, king of the four quarterṣ built the E-temen-ni-guru, his beloved temple, in Urim.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 08

(1) For Ningal, his lady, Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, built the Ĝipar-kug, her beloved temple. He dedicated it to her for his well-being.

Religion & Myth·Writing & Literature

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 09

(1) Since the dawn of time no temple has been built for the Dubla-maḫ except for an offering-place, where a reed hut was erected, (but now) for Nanna, his beloved master, Amar-Suena, the beloved of Nanna, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, built a temple for the Dubla-maḫ, the building marvelled at by the Land, his place of rendering judgements, his net, the one from which no enemy of Amar-Suena may escape. He made it shining, decorated it with gold, silver, and lapis lazuli. In…

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 11

(1) Amar-Suena, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, erected the statue (with the name) "It is him whose name was proclaimed by Suen who is the beloved of Urim". (1) Copy of a baked brick from the excavated debris of Urim, the work of Amar-Suena, king of Urim, that Sîn-balāssu-iqbi, military governor of Urim, found while looking for the ground-plan of the E-kiš-nu-ĝal. Nabû-šuma-iddin, son of Iddin-Papsukkal, the lamentation-priest of Sîn, read and copied it for viewing. (14) Whoever…

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 13

(1) For Inana, the lady of battle, his beloved spouse, Amar-Suena, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, fashioned her bronze ... of the E-ĝipar. He dedicated it to her for his well-being.

Religion & Myth·Writing & Literature

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 14

(1) For Inana, lady of the evening, her lady, Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, built her temple.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 19

(1) En-maḫ-gal-ana, the en priestess of Nanna.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 20 / CDLI Seals 003975 (CDLI Seals 003975 (composite))

(1) Nin-ḫedu, the daughter of the king: Urgu, the animal-fattener is your servant.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 2002 / CDLI Seals 005804 (CDLI Seals 005804 (composite))

(1) Gudea, ruler of Lagaš: ..., the land recorder, is you servant.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 2003 / CDLI Seals 005887 (CDLI Seals 005887 (composite))

(1) Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Lugal-melem, governor of Nibru, scribe ..., child of ..., scribe of the ĝipar in Nibru, is your servant.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 2004 / CDLI Seals 005819 (CDLI Seals 005819 (composite))

(1) Lugal-melem, governor of Nibru: Lugal-magure, the scribe, is your servant.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 2005 / CDLI Seals 000105 (CDLI Seals 000105 (composite))

(1) Ṣilluš-Dagan, governor of Simurrum: Ibbi-Addad, the scribe, is your servant.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 2006 / CDLI Seals 005907 (CDLI Seals 005907 (composite))

(i 1) Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Ur-Lisi, governor of Umma, is your servant.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 2007 / CDLI Seals 005881 (CDLI Seals 005881 (composite))

(i 1) Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Aya-kala, the governor of Umma, is your servant.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 2008

(o 1) To Nungal, lady of the prisons, the life-giving lady, his lady, Puzur-ilī, the chief administrator of the E-ugti, dedicated this (stone tablet) for the well-being of Amar-Suena, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters.

Religion & Myth·Writing & Literature

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 2010add / CDLI Seals 005901 (CDLI Seals 005901 (composite))

(i 1) Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Abi-luma, the scribe, child of ..., is your servant.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 2011add / CDLI Seals 005880 (CDLI Seals 005880 (composite))

(i 1) Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Ada-lal, the courier, child of Abu-ṭab, is your servant.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 2012add / CDLI Seals 004272 (CDLI Seals 004272 (composite))

(1) Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Aguda, the military governor of Ahuti, is your servant.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 2013add / CDLI Seals 005913 (CDLI Seals 005913 (composite))

(i 1) Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Aguza is your servant.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 2014add / CDLI Seals 005089 (CDLI Seals 005089 (composite))

(1) Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Ahum-ilum, the courier, is your servant.

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 2015add / CDLI Seals 005904 (CDLI Seals 005904 (composite))

(i 1) Amar-Suena, the powerful ..., king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Anum-mutappil, the courier, is your servant.

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