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Ubaid Uruk Period Early Dynastic Akkadian Empire Ur III · Neo-Sumerian Old Babylonian Old Assyrian Middle Babylonian Middle Assyrian Neo-Assyrian Neo-Babylonian Achaemenid Persian

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Page 17 / 75

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 109

(obverse) [1] Ur-Utu [1] Lu-lal 1 E-munus 1 E-na-lulu 1 En-kas 1 En-abzu-mud 1 E-šeš 1 Amar-edin 1 Lamma 1 Lu-siki-UŠ-AK (reverse uninscribed)

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 116

13 ninda(-loaves), sila-measure — [...] Lugal-nig-ba-bara-du. 12 — Ur-absi(?). 7 — Engar-tuš-še. [...] ...-KA(?). (Reverse: uninscribed / blank.)

Economy

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 122

1 (person): Amar-PA; 1 (person): Il-lu-sar; 1 (person): Nin-ukken-a; 1 (person): Lu-lu, [...](-[...]) [...]; 1 (person): Dingir-šeš-mu. (Under) Nin-ursag, the overseer (ugula). 1 (person): Ad-da; 1 (person): Mes-[...]-[...]; 1 (person): Lu-nanam; 1 (person): Utu-amu; 1 (person): Na-ni. (Under) Utu-ursag.

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 123

(obverse) [...] ... [... ]-zi 3 (units): Ni-kura 3 (units): UŠ 3 (units): Ak-sud 3 (units): Ursag-ata 2 (units): Ur-[...] [x] GI? [...] (reverse) 3 (units): Pa'en-da-[...] 2 (units): Sud-...-[...] 2 (units): Nin-[...] 2 (units): Šeš-[...] 2 (units): ...-[...] 3 (units): AN-[...] 3 (units): [...]

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 136

10 garments: Šumu-Aštar, the man of …; […] […] … the vizier (sukkal); 1: Nanna, the cupbearer; 1: Šeš-gu; 1 (and) 3 barig: Utu-ursag, the barber; sanga-GAR (the temple administrator …); (Total:) 14 garments — É-šud-du, the gal-dilmun (Dilmun-chief). (Reverse: uninscribed; bears only the modern museum numbers 12451 and 195 in ink.)

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 139

1/3 (mina) 5 shekels of silver, 1 aktum-garment — carried/received (il₂): Ur-Enki, son of NI-ba-ḫi-li, has (them) with him (i.e. owes them). Giri-ni-ba-dab₅, Ḫe-egal; apart (bar): NI-ḫi-li, his lu-munsub (attendant/herdsman), Ku-an — does/do not know (of it). (Reverse: uninscribed.)

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 140

10 (measures of) ghee (i₃-nun): the E-uri (household). 10 (measures): En-kas. 2: |DUMUxNUN|-šita. 2: Ur-Utu. 2: the overseer of the donkeys (ugula-anše). 1: Tug-TE-DU. 1: Lu-max(SI). 2: A-zuzu. 2: Lamma. 5: the gardener (nu-kiri₆). 1: Šeš-tur. 1: En-abzu-mud. 1: Nig-luguda. Grand total (an-šè-gu₂) of ghee: 40.

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 141

Obverse 899 (units of) nig-du gamur; 8 (lidga) 3 ban of gamur, šu-kam — in lidga measure; 20 less 1 barig 3 ban of gamur, šu-tag — in lidga measure; (account of) the herdsman(?). 111 (units of) nig-du gamur; 1 (lidga) 1 barig of gamur, šu-kam — in lidga measure; 2 barig 3 ban of gamur, šu-tag; (account of) the cowherd. Reverse Grand total: 1,010 gamur of the nig-du (type); 9 (lidga) 1 barig 3 ban of gamur, šu-kam — in lidga measure; 20 (lidga) 1 barig of gamur, šu-tag — in lidga measure.

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 142

2 gešʾu (= 1,200) si-|NUxU|; 2 gešʾu (= 1,200) |(TIR&TIR)xU₂|: (for) the ensi-GAR, En-zi-u-di. 1 geš (= 60) si-|NUxU|: (for) Gal-Dilmun, Šubur, the barber (šu-i), the sanga-GAR. 1 geš 3 u (= 90) si-|NUxU|: (for) the son of Gal-Dilmun, GAR-ḪU-DUR₂-BU, the kinda-barber. (Reverse: uninscribed.)

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 145

170 (2 gešʾu 50) nigdu-figs/dates — Adab (of?) Ha-ur; 350 (5 gešʾu 50) nigdu-figs/dates — Ti'e [...]; 100 (1 gešʾu 40) nigdu-figs/dates — the festival of the courtyard; 180 (3 gešʾu) nigdu-figs/dates — gal-UN (the "great people" / senior personnel). (Reverse: surface broken and eroded; no legible text preserved.)

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 151

20 mana of copper: A-NI-NI; 20 (mana): É-ḫursag (the "House of the Mountain"); 20 (mana): É-en-ra; 20 (mana): Iškur; 20 (mana): É-zi-pa-è; 4 (mana): Ur-gibil; 4 (mana): Amar-KISAL-NUN; 4 (mana): |DUMU×NUN|-šita; 4 (mana): Munus-ki-nu-zu; 4 (mana): Šita; 20 (mana): A-si; [... ...] (two signs illegible) (reverse / total) Total: 140 mana of copper.

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CT 50, 015

2 garments, 2 linen [garments] — U5-ri the carpenter. The bailiff [who will] return [them]: to the storehouse they are to be brought. 1 [and] 1/2 garments. The king's bailiff. A-ḫu-ti has returned [them]. To Mes-lu2-nu [they were] brought along.

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

LAK p. 73, no. 1

4? [units of] bar-gada cloth, fine-quality — female courier(s) 2 SUR 2 GI-GI 2 female farmer(s) 2 lady-mother(s) 5 TU-AB 2? [x] woman(?) [...] 1 EN-bird [x] 3? brother-calf [x] 3 DA-GE 3 small birds 1 [DUG×HI] — barley-barley [x] 3 ESZ16, lion-[x] 8? [x x] [x] Total: 38? [units of] bar-gada cloth x x

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RTC 003

[...] ... [n] zi#-zu-[...] [n] herald(-na-me-ub-[...]) 2 ne-[...] [...] [n] a-en-da 4 — House of Shadow (é-gissu) 10 women of the lord 4 USZ [...] 20 [x]-nin-[x] [...]

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

TSŠ 0869

n [šeš-tur] 7 Mes-lu₂-nu-ḫun 1 Bilx(PAP.GEŠ.BIL)-a₂-nu-kuš₂ 7 Bara₂-sag₇-nu-di 1 Du₆-du₆ 1 Si-du₃ 1 En-kas₄ 6 shepherds [...] wood(?) [...] BAD

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 038

5 asz 2 barig of barley — loan, [now] committed; 11 shekels of silver — purchase price of the field. 1 eše₃ — that field. [Seller,] eminent [person], son of Sud-da-zi; An-na-šum₂; Lu₂-na-nam, [his] brother, eminent [person]. Witness: GAM-GAM. The buyer.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

AAICAB 1/1, pl. 008, 1928-439

Obverse (column i, ruled cases; beginnings of lines lost) [... ] iku(?) of field [... ] iku(?) of field [... ] iku(?) of field [... ] iku(?) of field [... ] iku(?) of field [... ] iku(?) of field 1/3 (shekel) of silver [ ... ] 10 shekels(?) of silver [ ... ] 1(?) shekel of silver [ ... ] 1/2 shekel of silver [ ... ] 1 [ ... ] (The remainder of the tablet is broken away; the reverse is uninscribed or wholly effaced.)

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

Anonymous 270812

1 (unit): Ab-ba 2 (units): E-kur-nin 2 (units): […]-nin 1 (unit): Ur-ganun 1 (unit): Ab-zu-zu 2 (units): Ur-nagar 1 (unit): U₂-U₂-a 2 (units): Pa₄-pa₄ 12 gur of barley. Per day, 1 shekel measured out. 5 ban₂: U₂-U₂-a 4 ban₂: Lugal-ḫe₂

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

BIN 08, 007

9 (lit. 10 minus 1) men: the Esar (temple); 4: Ašgi; 4: the Esahar (temple); 2: Inanna; 3: Enki; 4: the Edam; 1: Dara-U-Enlil-gar; 1: [...]-esi; 1: An-ne; 8: the small shrines; the house of Utu. (reverse) 17 days (lit. 20 minus 3). The chariot field (GAN₂ gigir₂).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

BIN 08, 010

5 shekels of refined silver; 1 talent of white silver(?); 1 talent of kur-PA; 1 talent of ... DIB(?) kur ...; 1 talent of PA TAR-TAR(?), of pure metal; 1 SIG₇(?) of silver; 1 UD-eme; 1 mina of goat wool, AG; 1/3 of nu-gu (flax?). Geme-ur-ganun(?) has taken (them) away.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

BIN 08, 012

[17] gur of barley, by the large (gur-saggal) measure — Ur-si; 2 barig — Šu-aš; 2 barig — E-mahda; 1 barig 2 ban2 — U-U; 1 barig 3 ban2 — Ištup-il; 1 gur — Nin-tur-tur; 1 gur — the gudu-priest of E-mud; 1 gur — Du-du; 1 gur — Bara-ara-nu. (reverse) Total: 24 gur 5 ban2 of barley, by the large (gur-saggal) measure. [x] — Lu-mah; [n] 5 — Nam-lugal-ni-du.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

BIN 08, 016

5 gur (by the large gur-standard) of barley — Ur-en-sig-nuna(?); 2 (gur), ma-mud; [...]-sag, barley; 5 (gur) of barley, Me-mea; 15 gur, E-geština-su; 2 (gur), Nin-mu-gin-amah; 2 (gur), 2 (gur), Ili-li; [...]-HAR; [...]-...; nu-SAHAR-a; Ma-ma-kiši-gal.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

BIN 08, 027

3 gur of barley, repaid (še su-ga): E-gi, son of Ama-NU+NU. 1 gur 1 barig: Amar-giri, the builder. 1 gur of prime barley: Amar-kua-ra, the shepherd. 1 gur 2 barig: Lugal-nigzu. 1 gur 2 barig: Lugal-damda.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

BIN 08, 029

Lugal-nigzu (and) Ur-ni-beda removed the peg in the field; as for the donkey that he had released to him, "I will make replacement," he said to him. Before Ur-su, the herdsman of donkeys. The house ... [...] ... a2 ba KU a (unclear) The case is concluded. For the governor of Nippur. ... [...] is present.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

BIN 08, 030

25 aktum-garments; 17 (20 minus 3) NI-textiles; 8 níg-bar-ba; 3 níg-lá gaba (breast-bands / sashes); New tablet: 38 (40 minus 2) remaining (egir).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

BIN 08, 038

Obverse 15 gur of barley, the purchase price of 1 sar of house-plot. Nin-pada, wife of Lugal-ša, im-ta-KID(?), received (it). Reverse 1 shekel of silver, 1 gur of barley — [for] KUM-tuš, son of Lugal-[ša], he received. The purchase price [of ......] (the remainder of the reverse is destroyed)

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

BIN 08, 040

7 cows, mother(-animals); 2 cows, 3 years old; 1 ox, 2 years old; 1 calf, female, (still) suckling; 1 calf, male, (still) suckling. Its total: 12 (head). Ur-li-kam; U'uma; An-si; Ma-za-uma.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

BIN 08, 043

5 gur 2 barig of barley. 1 bar-dul₅ garment: it is (worth) 2/3 mina of silver. 1 aktum garment: it is (worth) 2/3 mina of silver. 1 niglam garment: it is (worth) half a shekel. 1 niglam garment: it is (worth) one-third (of a shekel). 1 gur 2 barig of barley: it is (worth) 2 shekels of silver. It is of the year that is not (recorded). 1 shekel of silver. […] 1 nanny-goat. [n] of silver, 2/3 mina. Brought (from/by way of) the canal […]. […] … brought for An (or: tin brought). 1 (item): into his hand — a … garment, gum(?), taken over.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

BIN 08, 044

10 gur of barley: the sealed storehouse of Šu-i. 2 (gur) 2 barig: Igi-si. 2 (gur) 2 barig: Uš, son of Zage. 3 (gur): the sealed storehouse of Šu-i. 2 barig: Ur-gu, son of Lugal-ennu. (All this) is held with Inim-zida. It is barley of the principal (sag); it is that of Ur-ni. (reverse) 4 gur 2 barig of barley: Aba-Enlil, son of Amar-abzu, has received.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

BIN 08, 054

4 iku of field — its barley: 12 (gur) 2 barig: (for) E-ki, the chief merchant. 2 1/2 iku of field — 10 less 2 barig of barley: the man of the temple administrator; Lugal-ezem is the overseer. 1 eše 2 iku of field — 40 less 2 (gur) 2 barig of barley: Ama-bara-si (and) Lugal-ildu, the surveyors. 3 iku of field — 12 (gur) 2 barig of barley: E-lu, the surveyor. 3 1/4 iku of field — 15 (gur) 2 barig of barley: Munus-tur, the wife of the surveyor. 1 1/2 iku of field — 5 (gur) of barley: Ur-TAG, the potter.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

BIN 08, 065

2¼ iku of field — eš-ba(?); Ama-bara-abzu. 3 iku less ¼ iku; 3½ iku; 3¼ iku — Si-du. 1 eše 4 iku — Ur-namnun. 1 eše 1½ iku — Ur-tulbaza, the lamentation-priest (gala). 2 eše 4 iku — Lugal-a-REC107. 1 eše 2½ iku(?), LIŠ-uš — Magur(?), the overseer(?). 2½ iku, LIŠ-uš; 1½ iku barley; 4 (units) — total: 4½ iku, uš — Enlila, the rope-twiner (gu-sur). 5 iku less ¼ iku; 3 (units) barley; 2 (units) LIŠ-uš — Amar-gula, the shepherd.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

BIN 08, 081

420 ninda — old (measure); 300 (ninda) — width; 420 less 2 cubits — the base; 360 less 2 cubits, 1 half-cubit and ½; 301 |GIŠ.BAD| — the foreman, the overseer (nu-banda); 300, 2 cubits — En-tar; 121 ninda — KID; 180 less 1 |GIŠ.BAD| — Abba; [...] ... — Gu-na; 60, 2 cubits — Puni-du; 120, [BAD] cubits — E'a: not filled; 120 BAD — Ekur(?): not filled; 241 — account of Ur-KUŠ₂; 121 — account of Huni-x; (reverse) 6 less 1 — account of NI-a.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

BIN 08, 083

54 bundles of grass (fodder): En-akale; 35: Kar-du; 40: Ur-ni; 42: En-tar-si; 36: the foreman of the overseer (nu-banda); 32 1/2: the foreman. (Reverse uninscribed.)

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

BIN 08, 087

286 (units of) copper — ḫabuda(-implements); 110 (2 gešʾu minus 10) minas of copper; [x] minas, [x] ... from [x] ... […] (line lost) brought out from the ore(-earth); 251 minas of copper — the weaver('s share?), brought out from the palace; the weaver, the overseer of the smiths — given.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

BIN 08, 115

1 šar (= 60 bur) 4 bur 2 iku — orchard(s), large (ones); 5 bur — small orchard(s); 1 bur 3 iku — the outer (bar) portion of the field, of the city Ki-anna; 5 bur — orchard(s): the potter Ur-EN-[...], An-na-E[...]; 4 iku — the outer (bar) portion of an orchard, ... A-zu-zu [...]. It is (the account) of the year. (Reverse: uninscribed / surface eroded, no legible signs.)

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

BIN 08, 173

Obverse […] 4 shekels of silver; 12 lidga (and) 1 barig of barley; 41 sila of pig fat; 2 gur 1 barig of dates; 1 grass-fed pig — this is the purchase price of Nin-gissu-nani. Ur-lugal, the donkey herdsman, gave it to him. Reverse At the wall(?) of the gate of the palace he set its case straight (i.e. rendered the verdict). Du-du, … [ … ] DA AN [ … ] TI [ … ], the witnesses ("men of the word"), they confirm[ed it]. The … [ … ] … AN … (broken).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CBS 07280

(obverse) [n] ... [...] 2 (measures): Maš-da(5), the attendant(?) [...] 1 (measure) 2 barig: Sag-...-[...] 2 (measures): Ur-Abu 2 barig: Lugal-šeš 2 barig: Enlil-[...] [n]: Nesag(?) [...] (reverse: uninscribed / not preserved)

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CBS 08117

1 bardul-garment, of fine (thin) weave, of/for the women(?); Igi-Enlil-še, the chief household administrator (šabra), the porter (ug₃-íl): he paid (it) out to him. Month: "Bricks-placed-in-the-brick-mould" (month III, Nippur calendar), day 7 having elapsed.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CDLI Lexical 000003, ex. 011

šuš (written |ŠE.NAM₂|) pa-nam₂-šita shrine-išib (purification priest of the shrine) gal-|BAD×DIŠ| (chief …-official) en-IB gal-šita (chief of the šita-office) abgal (sage) kingal (overseer / leader of the assembly) tiru (court attendant) […] sukkal (vizier) […] … stone … ti … |KA×X| … na […] (The remainder of the column, and the reverse, are broken away or effaced.)

Writing & Literature·Daily Life

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CST 001

33 mother-ewes; 29 (lit. 30 less 1) rams; 8 female lambs, nim-lambs; 5 male lambs, nim-lambs; 4 female lambs, e-li-lambs; 3 male lambs, e-li-lambs. Total: 82 ewes together with their lambs. The sheep are the private property of Enda-nirgal. Šubur, the overseer, in the House of the Street plucked (them). With Lugal-ikuš they were kept. (Year) 1.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CST 022

15 gur of barley — Ama-tuku-gal-zu; 1 (gur) 2 barig — Nin-urni; 15 (measures of) lard, UMBIN; 1½ shekels of silver; 2 nig-lam garments; 1 sheep, its silver [...]; 2 pigs for eating; 2 bar-dul garments; 1 dul(?) cloth; 43(?) shekels of silver; goods of [...]; Mu-bi-ki-gal-la[...]; a claim exists against it; 1 mina of silver; its tablet has been handed over.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 030

1 eše₃ (of) field — Ma-NI-NI; 1 eše₃ — SIG-mu; 1 eše₃ — Ur-gu, the animal-fattener(?); 1 eše₃ — Ur-peš-tur; 1 eše₃ — Šu-Mama; 1 iku — PA-[…]-bala; Ur-tu; A-ga(?)-le. (Reverse: uninscribed; the modern museum number Ms. 1052/40 is written on it in ink. Right side of the obverse broken away; a large chip is lost at the right edge.)

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 034

1 iku 2 sar [...] E-zi 3 iku — Lugal-kal 3 iku — Ur-nu 3 iku — ...-adgal ( — ) U-nu-NI-NI [n +] 1 iku [...] 2 iku [...] 2 iku — Lugal-ildu (Reverse: uninscribed / blank)

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 064

180 loaves of bread; 10 minus [n] jars (of beer); (for) the ruler (ensi) of Gišša (Umma), (and) the ruler (ensi) of Lagaš; (from) the household of the gudu-priest. It is the month of the barley harvest.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 081

2 barig of groats (gur measure), 2 barig of malt — for Išme-ilum it was given. Booked expenditure of the house of the gudu-priest. (It is) the month of the barley harvest.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 097

120 loaves, 2 (loads) — Ma'u; 60 [loaves], 1 (load) — Ur-šerda; 120 loaves, 2 (loads) — Ilala. It is the load that he is to bring; it has been delivered. Month: ab-e₃-zi-da, day 27.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 098

120 loaves of bread — (for) the House of the Children (e₂-dumu). 180 loaves of bread, 3 jars — (for) the House of the gudu-priest. 120 loaves of bread, 2 (jars) — (for) the house of Igi-si₄. 120 loaves of bread, 2 (jars) — (for) Ur-nu. 60 loaves of bread — (for) the house of Nin-mug. [Day 20(?)] + 1 (= the 21st day), [month] Še-sag-ku₅ (the month of the barley harvest).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 100

[n] loaves of bread — the household of the children (e₂-dumu); 183 — the household of the gudu-priest; 122 loaves of bread — the household of Igi-si; 122 loaves of bread — Ur-nu; 61 [loaves of bread] — the household of Nin-[mug]. Day 23. Month: Aša-il-šu-gar. (Reverse: uninscribed; the tablet is pierced through by a single perforation.)

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 102

600 loaves of sig₁₅-bread (fine/sweet bread): 1 ban₂ (of flour), 20 baked (du₈). 600 loaves of barley bread: 1 ban₂ (of flour), 20 baked (du₈). 20 jars. 10 (servings of) soup. (For) the house/temple of [...]. [At that time(?)] the ruler (ensi₂) of Agade had taken up residence (u₃-mu-ti-la-a).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 105

3 jars (of pottery) — Ur-Nanše. 6 jars — Ur-Erra, the reed-worker (mat-maker). Šeš-tur. Giri-ni, the stone-cutter. 1 jar — the man of the ḫub-bu (acrobat/dancer). (Break) [n] jars — Lugal-alsa.

1…16 17 18…75