Read Chronology Themes Tablets Engine About

Read
Chronology
Themes
Tablets
Engine
About

Sumerian · Book

Reading the tablets…

Sumerian · Book

The first cities. The first stories. Still here, written in clay.

Explore

Begin reading
Chronology
Themes
Tablet collection
Dossiers

The project

About the project
The engine
Methodology
Sources & licensing
FAQ
Contact & support

Resources

Provenance & ethics
Privacy policy
Terms of use
llms.txt
Sitemap

Independent scholarship · No academic affiliation or institutional funding.

Tablet imagery credited per item.

Home
All tablets

The corpus

All tablets.

Every tablet in the corpus — sortable by date, title or period; filterable by theme and period. Find a name, follow a period, or explore a subject through the records it left behind.

Sort

Oldest first Newest first Title (A–Z)By period

Theme

Religion & Myth Law Economy Astronomy & Mathematics Daily Life Writing & Literature

Period

Ubaid Uruk Period Early Dynastic Akkadian Empire Ur III · Neo-Sumerian Old Babylonian Old Assyrian Middle Babylonian Middle Assyrian Neo-Assyrian Neo-Babylonian Achaemenid Persian

Source

Editorial Sumerian literature Sumerian royal Assyrian royal Assyrian archives

4,334 of 102,257 tablets · 4 filters activeClear filters

1901–1950 of 4334

Page 39 / 87

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 28

1. Eštar-[...] 2. Ašmatum 3. Ilum-nāṣir 4. Aḫu-libūra 5. Eštar-damqat 6. Ilī-dān 7. Aḫa-kaspi 8. La-arab 9. Elusa

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 30

1 Atī'e, [1] Eštar-damqat, [1] Eštar-rabiat, 1 Izzaza, sister of Liburrum, 1 Alili, sister of Abibi, 1 Salimmeni, 1 Eštar-tukultī, 1 Rītum: (they are) kulu'u-personnel.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 34

1. [n+]2 hides of young goats, 2. a namḫaru-vessel (of) flour, 3. 1 (to/for) Dingir-zamu, 4. 2 (to/for) Edin-asu, 5. 2 šakkan-measures of fine ghee, 6. a guzida-garment of wool, 7. 30 (units of) barley, 4 la'aga (of) flour, 8. 2 long (textiles), 9. 1 mina of wool for a belt, 10. 2 šagadu-garments, 11. 1 wool garment, 12. 1 long garment, 13. 2 ḫiḫina.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 35

1. 5 shekels of silver, 2. (that) of a ring (šewirum), 3. 1 shekel of silver, 4. Tesitum; 5. 1 shekel of silver, 6. Ṭāb-ilī; 7. 1 burutum-garment, 8. 1 našpartum-garment, 9. 1 zimtum-garment; 10. 1 shekel of silver he gave (to me); 11. 1 bala-garment I gave to him.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 39

1. ŠUBUR (servants/dependents): 2. Urrim, 3. Libur, 4. Lulu, the copper(-worker), 5. wood [...], 6. Admar, 7. Dingir-gi, 8. Bēlī, 9. son of Bubu, 10. Izur-basu, 11. son of Amatu, foreman of the carpenters.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 45

(Beginning destroyed) [......] [son] of Warassuni, for Isugi, for the oxen, ...... shekel(s) of copper, the leatherworker, those of the bricks; [......] (Break) Dania, Nabium, [...]-zu, Tabni, [...]-ni, [...]-ib. (rest destroyed)

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 46

1. beer of the allotment (šīmtum), 2. and the governor 3. of the allotment; 4. the chief household administrator; 5. beer of the man of [...]; 6. Inanna — gur; 7. eš-ra; 8. barley — HU; 9. silver and (of) the allotment; 10. the female worker of Inanna; 11. Išnun — gur.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 47

(Obverse) 1. sesame oil, 2. emmer flour, 3. [......] 4. [......] 5. AN-[......] 6. Thus (says) [......]: 7. to Zuzu, 8. for barley 9. (of) the soldier(s), 10. to the elder(s), 11. Gudusiš, 12. sesame of Kitim (?), 13. sesame.

Daily Life·Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 48

1. Libur, 2. the leatherworker, 3. in the rear (storeroom); 4. bread (and) oil, 5. flour (and) cake, 6. in the rear (storeroom); 7. Bēlī-[...], 8. tabrium; 9. the kitchen (house of the cook); 10. [...]-at of barley, 11. barley: li-si(?); 12. [...] 13. a guzītum-garment.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 50

1. Dumaga 2. Ummī-Eštar 3. Eštar-ge₆ (Eštar-mī?) 4. Dārētum 5. Bilā, the fowler (mušen-[dù]) 6. Lāwiptum 7. Wazuzu 8. Zuzu 9. Gur-bibi 10. Ilī-abī 11. Tadlultum

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 51

1. [......] the commissioner (maškim), 2. [at the Gate of] Tišpak 3. they swore (an oath). 4. [1: I]li-bani, 5. 1: Lu-ba-[...]-na, 6. 1: Ilulu, 7. son of Ibibi, ... (SAG-x), 8. Darsuba and 9. Gaziru 10. of the oaths.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 53

1. Thus (says) 2. Ikūnum 3. [t]o Ilum-alsu: 4. Why, 5. (although) I wrote 6. (and) I ... to you (a-ni-er3-kum), 7. (does) the remainder (still stand)? 8–9. Take the road (i.e. set out)! 10. [......] 11. [......]-da-ba 12. The field to Su-bēlī 13. he [g]ave; 14. his flour-ration (zi3-ba) 15. he has not made/prepared.

Daily Life·Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 089

1. 12 sila of beer each (per day), 2. for 7 days; 3. its barley: 2 barig 6 sila — regular provision (sa₂-du₁₁). 4. 4 loaves of bread, first-fruit offering (ne-sag) [...] UMBIN×LU, tall (sukud); 5. [...] 6. its barley: 5 ban. 7. (For) the Emaḫ, 8. consumed by (offering of) Enlil. 9. Month: Akiti.

Economy·Religion & Myth

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 090

(Obverse) 1. 3 cows [...] 2. 1 ox [...] 3. (these are) the property of the maškim-office, 4. in the house of the female workers of the E-maš: it is allotted (al-ba-a-kam). 5. [From] among them: 6. 1 ox, 1 (head), 7. Ur-dingira, the cowherd, 8. from the palace 9. received (took in charge). 10. Month: Du-ku.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 092

1. 3 ban less 1 sila (= 29 sila) of fine beer, 2. 1 (gur) 1 ban 2 sila of (ordinary) beer, 3. 2 ban of groats; 4. its barley (equivalent): 1 barig 1 ban 3½ sila — 5. issued (expended). 6. Mesag. 7. Month: Bahir(?) ... igi.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 098

1. 2 jars of lard, 2. 51 select (personnel), 3. 20 musicians, 4. ib-še (?), 5. (at) the festival of še-[...]; 6. 2/3 sila of [oil]: 7. Išbe-E[lili]; 8. oil expended (booked expenditure). 9. Ur-dingira, the barber.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 101

1. 1 (jar) of good-quality beer, 2. 1 (jar) of ordinary beer: 3. Igmulum, the cupbearer; 4. 4 (jars) of ordinary beer: 5. the Gutians — 6. E'a-muda 7. [...], the commissioner (maškim), 8. brought (it). 9. Total: 1 (jar) of good-quality beer; 10. total: 5 (jars) of ordinary beer. 11. Expenditure of Mesag. 12. Month: Še-sag-saga.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 102

1. 10 sila of beer: 2. Ur-Nisaba; 3. 10 sila: Bēlī-dabum; 4. 4 sila: Geš-šu, 5. the man of Eliš-mani; 6. Šu-ilī, 7. the man of the chief administrator of the household. 8. Total: 1 (measure) of beer; 9. its barley: 2 ban. 10. Expenditure 11. (from) the household of Sukkal-gesi. 12. Month 'Ab-e': expenditure.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 104

(Beginning destroyed) [...] 34 donkeys, [assorted], (are) stationed (present); 13 oxen, assorted, 10 donkeys, assorted, expended; 74½ oxen, [assorted], 7[0+ ...] donkeys, assorted — deficit: fallen (dead) animals.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 105

1. [1] shekel of sil[ver], 2. [...] egg-shaped bead(s), 3. [...] barley, 4. [Su]bari[an] (Subartu-type), 5. 1 ...-NI of silver, (by the) shekel, 6. 1 ring, 7. 2 toggle-pins of bronze (and) copper.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 106

1. 8 copper ḫar-an (rings), 2. their weight: 21 mina (and) 1/3 (mina); 3. 1 mina minus 5 shekels of copper 4. for pegs (nails) for the ḫar-an (rings); 5. 1/3 (mina) of copper: 6. copper dagger-pegs (rivets). 7. [Total: 22 1/2] mina 5 shekels of copper, 8. returned to hand (received/accounted for). 9. Lugal-ku, the smith(?).

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 107

1. [n sila of ghee], good (quality), 2. (for) the governor; 3. [n sila of] sesame [oil], good (quality), 4. [...] ... ... [...]; 5. 1 sila(?) ...-dub, (for) the lady / Nin- 6. ka-[...]; 7. 1 sila [...]; 8. 1/3 sila less [...]. 9. Total: 1 sila of ghee, good (quality); 10. total: 6 sila of sesame oil, good (quality). 11. Oil expended (booked as expenditure). 12. [...]-kalle.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 116

1. 70 (nindan) is the length (sag), 44 1/2 (nindan); 2. 315 (nindan) is the side (us2), various (hi-a); 3. its field (area): 10 bur; 4. Šarru-dūrī. 5. Field of the Sug-gal-mah.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 118

1. 4 sila of [lard], 2. the messenger (našparum) used (it); 3. (he is) the chief fuller. 4. ½ sila — (for) bronze (it) was used; 5. Ur-Ninazu, the smith. 6. Dugani 7. (was) commissioner. 8. ½ sila — (for) the royal weapon(s), the uzga-personnel; 9. Lu-Ašgi (was) commissioner. 10. Total: 5 sila of lard. 11. Oil expended, (account of) Ur-dingir[a].

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 119

1. 3 jars of lard — 2. (for) the household managers of the expedition; 3. Si-du, the scribe (was responsible). 4. 3 sila (of lard) — the (captive) booty of Elam 5. anointed (themselves) with it; 6. the manager of the house (was) commissioner. 7. 2/3 (sila) — Lugal-iri, the commissioner of barley. 8. [2/3 (sila)] — Meme; 9. [...]-al, the envoy, 10. (was) commissioner. 11. 1 (jar) — Ur-Enlila, the oil-presser. 12. Total: 4 jars (and) 4 1/3 sila of lard, 13. oil expended; 14. it is (the account) of Ur-dingira.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 123

1. 10 (jars of) fine beer, 2. 10 (jars of) ordinary beer: 3. Subir-a, the gal5-la2 officer, 4. Ur-sa6-e brought (them). 5. 1 (jar of) ordinary beer: 6. Ur-mer-za. 7. Expenditure (zi-ga) 8. (from) the brewery (e2-bappir).

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 124

1. 8 sheep — 2. Lugal-keš; 3. 7 sheep — 4. A-ni-ta. 5. Total: 15 sheep, 6. sheep that went out from the city. 7. Ur-ME took charge (of them). 8. (This is) the 4th time.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 126

3 sila less 2/3 (sila) of lard, for treating leather, (for) Išbi-ilī; 1 sila (for) the ama-maš (women), Ašgi-dalu received (it). Total: 4 sila less 2/3 (sila) of lard — fat, (the) expenditure of Ur-dingira.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 127

Obverse 1. 6 fat-tailed sheep, 2. 3 kids, 3. 13 mountain sheep; 4. total: 22 sheep (and goats). 5. Ka-ka 6. gave (them) to him. 7. 9 fat-tailed sheep, 8. 10 mountain sheep, 9. [...] minus 1 kids. (rest of the supplied text ends here)

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 128

1. 16 [(units of) ordinary beer] 2. the work-troop received; 3. [...] ordinary beer 4. [...]-me (?) 5. [...] ordinary beer 6. [...] 7. [...] ... [...] 8. ...-sag-e received; 9. [To]tal: 20 minus 1 (= 19) (units of) ordinary beer, 10. expended. 11. ... [...]

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 131

1. [5] sila of ghee, 2. 2 ban of cheese: 3. Ur-teš. 4. 2 sila of ghee, 5. 1 ban of cheese: 6. Ur-Mama. 7. [To]tal: 7 sila of ghee. 8. [To]tal: 3 ban of cheese. 9. ... [...] (rest broken)

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 142

1. 1 kid — 2. Kuli; 3. 1 kid — Ur-Enlil, 4. son of Šuše; 5. 1 sheep, bar (-category), (for) the provisioner (ua); 6. [...-En]lila, the cultivator. 7. [To]tal: 1 sheep, bar (-category), 2 kids — 8. mašdaria-offering(s).

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 144

1. 1 sheep, 6 minas of wool: 2. Lugal-itida, the courier (sukkal), 3. (via/for) Lugal-entarsu. 4. 1 sheep, 6 minas of wool: 5. the chief courier (sukkal-maḫ), 6. (via/for) Gissu. 7. 2 minas (of wool): the chief courier (sukkal-maḫ). 8. 4 minas (of wool): the household administrator (šabra of the estate). 9. 1 kid: Iškur — consumed by the household as a niĝ-ku (consumption item), 10. (via) Lu-kalla. 11. Total: 2 sheep, 1 kid, 20 minus 1 (= 19) minas of wool — 12. the arrears (deficit) of the shepherds of the governor.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 147

Obverse 1. [1 ban] of beer 2. Ur-nigar, 3. the scribe; 4. 1 ban: the maškim (commissioner); 5. 2 ban: the man of Umma. 6. Total: 1 (barig) of beer, 7. its barley (equivalent): 2 ban. 8. Expenditure (booked) 9. of the house of the sukkal. 10. Month: Akiti.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 148

1. 1 ban (of) beer — 2. Ur-gigir, the envoy (sukkal); 3. 1 ban — the lu-maškim (commissioner). 4. Total: [2 ban of beer]; 5. its barley (equivalent): 1 ban 3 1/3 sila. 6. Expended (zi-ga) 7. by the house of the envoy (é-sukkal). 8. Month: Šu-gar.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 152

1. 5 sila of beer 2. — Bazuzu; 3. 5 sila — Imiqum. 4. Total: 10 sila of beer; 5. its barley (equivalent): 6 2/3 sila. 6. Expenditure (booked) 7. (from) the house of the sukkal, Gesi (E-sukkal-gesi). 8. Month: ab-e; expenditure.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 153

1. wool, lum-lum (quality) 2. 2 garments [...] 3. their weight: [...] 4. (for) the nin-dingir priestess [of Iškur] 5. 1 bar-[dul] garment 6. its weight: 4 mi[nas] 7. [...] ... [...] 8. 2 bur garments [...] 9. their weight: ½ mina 5 [shekels]

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 156

1. 7 minas of bronze — 2. Lugal-nig; 3. 2 minas of bronze — 4. Ur-nigar; 5. 3 minas less 1[2 shekels] — 6. Ur-mes, 7. son of Ur-dingir[ra]. 8. Total: 12 minas less 12 shekels of bronze, 9. returned to hand (i.e., received back / accounted for).

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 160

Obverse (?) 1. [...] šita(?)-ulla 2. 1 našparum-garment — 3. its silver (value): 10 shekels; 4. 1 dur₂ (of) bala; 5. 1 bronze dur₂; 6. [...] ...(?) [...] 7. [...] ... [...] 8. 40 ... 9. gift (of) Zarpu-[...]; 10. Mezi; 11. Adab.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 163

1. 15 (nindan) — the width, averaged(?); 2. 70 (nindan) — the length, averaged(?); 3. its area: 1 eše 4½(!) iku of field. 4. 2 iku of field less 20 sar — 5. (of) Agargal, the sukkal (courier/envoy): 6. rented field (apin-la₂), 7. Ur-sag. 8. 4 gur 4 ban of barley, 9. barley of the measuring/check (kab₂-du₁₁-ga): 10. Ur-sag.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 164

1. 1 barig 3 ban (of seed grain): the small arable tract — 2. Ur-Emah. 3. 4 iku of field, Igi-bar; 4. 2 iku, work-assignment, Igi-bar; 5. 1 iku of field, (of) the Emah. 6. 1 barig, beside its ruined (part) — 7. Ur-gu. 8. Foreman: E-bur.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 166

1. 3 minas of black wool, 2. 3 minas of white (wool), 3. low-grade (sig-ga), 4. Nammaḫni 5. received. 6. [n mi]nas of wool, deficit, (from) sheep fleeces; 7. [n mi]nas from Enannatum; 8. [n] minas of wool for the New Year, 2/3 ...; 9. from Enannatum 10. Kiag received. 11. Enlil, the fuller, 12. Nammaḫni, (his) wife — 13. they are the witnesses.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 167

1. 1 sheep — 2. (from) the wife of Lugal-DU, the shepherd; 3. [1] sheep — Lu-dingira, the donkey herder; 4. 1 lamb — Uda, the donkey herder; 5. 1 sheep — the wife of Iri-namzu; 6. 1 sheep — Ur-dingir-tur, the builder; 7. [1] lamb — Lugal-itida; 8. [1 sheep?] — the porter(s) [...]; 9. [1 sheep?] — Subira, the man of [...]; 10. [1 lamb? ...] — the cupbearer. 11. [Total: 4(?)] 2 sheep (and) 3 lambs 12. [...] (of) the sons of the city (citizens); 13. Lugal-e 14. took (them) in charge.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 170

1. [...] 10 (ninda) front (width); 10 less [...] 2. 200 (ninda) — the various lengths; 3. Dada, the merchant. 4. 1 1/2 iku field: BAD3-[...] 5. Ur-Ninmada [...] 6. 15 (ninda) front (width); 14 [...] 7. 240 less 5 (= 235 ninda) — the various lengths; 8. Ilala, the merchant. 9. 2 1/2 iku field: BAD3-su4; 10. 1 1/4 iku field: Nabium. 11. 6 (ninda) front (width); 2 1/2 [...] 12. 180 less 10 (= 170 ninda) — the various [lengths]; 13. Ur-su4-x [...] 14. Lugal-hili.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 171

1. 1 bur'u (= 10 bur) of field: the chief scribe; 2.–3. 10 (bur): the chief steward (ensi-gal); 4. 10 (bur): the chief cupbearer; 5. 6 (bur): Ur-mes, the merchant; 6. [...] (bur): the surveyor (rope-measurer); 7. [...] 8. [...] 9. [...] 10. [...] 11. Izzi ... [...] designated (pa3-da); 12. Total: 1 šar (60 bur) + 2 bur'u (20 bur) minus 1 bur (= 79 bur) of field, 13. (plots) of assorted lengths, irrigated land, 14. field for the people/workers (UN), in narrow (strips).

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 173

1. 20 suhur-fish (carp), 2. (for/of) the porter (ug-IL₂); 3. 10 ubi-fish, 4. (for) the regular offering (nig-du); 5. 7 suhur-fish (carp), 6. 11 ubi-fish, 7. 2 ne-suhur (roasted? carp), 8. 2 gam-gam fish; 9. total: 52 fish. 10. Lugal-teš 11. received (them).

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 174

1. 30 less 2 (= 28) [sheep] hides 2. 25 lamb hides 3. 32 goat-kid hides 4. from Amar-gir 5. 8 sheep hides 6. 13 goat-kid hides 7. from Lugal-e

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 179

1. 1 ban 5 sila of beer: 2. Lu-Enlil[a]. 3. 1 ban: (they are) the men of Dingir-sukal. 4. 5 sila: Nene, 5. Dur-lugal. 6. Total: 1 (unit) of beer; 7. its barley (equivalent): 2 ban. 8. Expenditure 9. of the house of the sukkal. 10. Month: 'Barley-harvest' (še-sag-ku).

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 180

1. 1 bala-garment — 2. Elulu; 3. 1 bala-garment — 4. KA-ku; 5. 1 bar-dul-garment — 6. Nam-ḫa-se; 7. (their) overseer is KA-ku. 8. 1 nig-lam garment, weaver's (work) — 9. Martu, the Subarian; 10. 1 (garment) — the overseer Meme. 11. Taken away from the uzga-storehouse.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 181

1. 1 šaga-du garment, 2. its weight: 1 mina minus 5 shekels; 3. 1 bur garment, 4. its weight: 13 shekels; 5. 1 double bar-dul cloak, 6. its weight: 3 minas 15 shekels; 7. 1 nig-lam garment, old, 8. its weight: 3 1/3 minas. 9. From Lu-dingira; 10. returned to hand (received). 11. Me-me.

Economy

← Previous

1…38 39 40…87