Read Chronology Themes Tablets Engine About

Read
Chronology
Themes
Tablets
Engine
About

Sumerian · Book

Reading the tablets…

Sumerian · Book

The first cities. The first stories. Still here, written in clay.

Explore

Begin reading
Chronology
Themes
Tablet collection
Dossiers

The project

About the project
The engine
Methodology
Sources & licensing
FAQ
Contact & support

Resources

Provenance & ethics
Privacy policy
Terms of use
llms.txt
Sitemap

Independent scholarship · No academic affiliation or institutional funding.

Tablet imagery credited per item.

Home
All tablets

The corpus

All tablets.

Every tablet in the corpus — sortable by date, title or period; filterable by theme and period. Find a name, follow a period, or explore a subject through the records it left behind.

Sort

Oldest first Newest first Title (A–Z)By period

Theme

Religion & Myth Law Economy Astronomy & Mathematics Daily Life Writing & Literature

Period

Ubaid Uruk Period Early Dynastic Akkadian Empire Ur III · Neo-Sumerian Old Babylonian Old Assyrian Middle Babylonian Middle Assyrian Neo-Assyrian Neo-Babylonian Achaemenid Persian

Source

Editorial Sumerian literature Sumerian royal Assyrian royal Assyrian archives

57,692 of 102,257 tablets · 2 filters activeClear filters

2451–2500 of 57692

Page 50 / 1154

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 440

Obverse i 1: 132 large bundles of brushwood (fuel); i 2: 368 (i.e. 370 less 2) small bundles of brushwood; i 3: 607 bound bundles of poplar branches: ii 1: from the forest of the marsh ii 2: of Baba, ii 3: were loaded onto boat(s). Reverse i 1: En-iggal, i 2: the overseer (nu-banda), i 3: brought them into the storehouse of the craftsmen's workshop. ii: Year 2.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 496

Obverse 5 yokes, 2 plough-heads, 2 plough 'mates' (a plough part), [… …] …-de3 — for Ur-Enki, the carpenter; En-iggal, the overseer, Reverse from the courtyard-house (e2 ki-sal4-la) issued (them) to him. (Year) 4.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 535

10 gur (saggal-measure) of seed-barley, barley for the oxen to eat: month gu4-ra2-bi2-mu2-a; A2-ne2-kur-ra, the head plowman, for the field U3-gig-ga — En-ig-gal, the overseer, from the storehouse of Baba issued (it) to him for this purpose. The barley is the property of Baba. Sa6-sa6, wife of URU-KA-gi-na, king of Lagash. 2nd (year).

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 536

Obverse: 12 gur-saggal of barley: seed barley, and barley for the oxen to eat, for Saga-tuku-a, the plough-leader. Di-Utu, the soldier, brought it to him at the field 'Beside the Thornbush'. Reverse: Barley, the property of Baba. Sasa, wife of Urukagina, king of [Lagash]. Year 2.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 542

Obverse, column i 12 gur of barley, by the large (saggal) gur, barley to be eaten by the oxen: Puzur-Mama gave (it) to him. 10 (gur) of seed barley: Abasa'e gave (it) to him. Obverse, column ii / Reverse The seed barley (and) the barley eaten by the oxen, for the Du'uh field: to Ur-abu, the head of the plough team, Eniggal, the overseer, gave (it). Year 1.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 543

15 gur of barley (by the sag-gal measure), month: "The-grain-heap-was-sealed-with-clay"; from the storehouse of Baba it was issued. 16 gur 2 barig of barley, month: "Ningirsu was conducted into the new house of Antasurra"; from the storehouse of the orchard it was issued. (This is) seed-grain and barley for feeding the oxen. To Di-Utu, chief plowman of the women('s household) of Baba, En-iggal, the overseer, issued it. 4th (year).

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 546

2 bur3 2 eše3 of field(-land), eaten by locusts: its seed-grain and the barley consumed by the oxen — 8 gur (by the) saggal (measure); 1 (gur) barley, barley to be strewn upon the field — (for) Inim-ma-ni-zi, the chief plowman. Month: "wool-allotment." En-iggal, the overseer, from the new storehouse issued it to him. 4th (year).

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 552

86 gur 1 barig of barley, by the head (gur saggal) measure — Puzur-Mama; 89 gur (60 + 30 less 1) 1 barig — Gala-tur: they are the plowmen. 16 gur of barley — Inim-mani-zi (and) Lu-šinig; 32 gur 1 barig of barley — En-uda-na. (reverse) Total: 223 gur 1 barig of barley, by the head measure — barley of the domain estate (níg-en-na). It is from the field Du'uhka. En-iggal, the overseer (nu-banda), heaped it up (in storage) in the market-house. 5th (year).

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 572

8 hoes (gag-al) — Ur-sag; 5(?) — Ur-šerda; 7 — Inim-du; 6 — E-nam; 11 — Šeš-lu-du; 4 — E-me; 11 — Inim-mani-[zi]; [... (remainder of the list broken away)] Total: 62 hoes (gag-al), (for) the canal Enlil-le-šu-mu-gia ("Enlil restored it"). En-iggal, the overseer, allotted them to them. 3rd (year).

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 575

3 bur minus 2 iku of field — subsistence land of Ki-duru; field Gir-gir; 2 bur of field "Enlil": the men of Ur-Baba, the cupbearers — Šubur, the overseer, gave (it) to them. Lugalanda, ruler of Lagash: (year) 1.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 576

1 bur'u less 4 iku of field — barley grown (i.e. sown/cultivated with barley); 2 bur of field — white emmer; [...] 1 bur, 1 eše, 4 1/2 iku of field — white emmer; 1 eše of field — gu-nida (emmer variety); 3 iku of field — [...]; 2 bur, 3 iku of field — white emmer; 3 bur(?), 1/2 iku of field — wheat (and) emmer; field of grown barley. Šubur, the scribe.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 621

146 bundles of flax — it is of the field A-limmu. 180 + 30 minus [n] bundles of flax — it is of the field Duḫ. It is the flax of the year. En-iggal, the overseer, on their bird-perches (dal-mušen) has placed it (for them). 4th (year).

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 648

60 ninda — the canal (that runs) straight; 10 ninda — the canal at its side: it is the Great Ditch. 140 1/2 (ninda by) the measuring-rope, in ninda — it is the ditch that lies alongside the city wall. It is the ditch of the field Uri-ru'a. En-iggal, the overseer, had it hoed out. (Year) 4.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

Erm 14330

1 kid (goat). To the place of Liʾsina, Baranamtara made the offering. Enlu, the cupbearer, brought it with her. Consumed. It is (from) Enku, the fattener. (Year) 5.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

Erm 14333

392 gur 2 barig 2 ban2 of barley (by the saggal gur measure), barley of the estate property (nig-en-na), (from) the field "Small Gir-gir," the subsistence allotment of the ruler (ensi). Inima-ni-zi, the foreman, returned it into (his) hand. En-iggal, the overseer, stored it in the market-house. 6th (year).

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

Erm 14334

(Obverse) 1. 60 less 3 (= 57) gur of barley — 2. Utu-anzu(?), 3. the merchant. 4. ... the courier(?) ... 6(?) ... 5. (as) the purchase price (of) ...; 6. that barley SZUL-bi 7. gave to him. 8. 6 (units/year 6?).

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

Erm 14335

1. 50 head of si-U-NU (fish), 2. 12 porter-loads of fish: 3. Lugal-megalgal, 4. the fisherman of the brackish waters, 5. in the month "barley (and) water for the sheep of Ningirsu," 6. En-iggal, 7. the overseer, 8. into the Women's House (E-munus) 9. delivered (them). 10. (For) Baranamtara, 11. wife of Lugalanda, 12. the ruler 13. of Lagash. 3rd (year).

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

FAOS 15/2, 125

1. [x (units of) wool, sheep fleeces,] 2. [delivered (by) Nimgir-eša]tum, 3. the measurer of goods; 4. 3 men who hauled the ma-sa (boat-load?) 5. — one sheep fleece each — 6. [received (it)]. 7. They are the men who brought the barley by water. 8. Baranamtara, 9. wife of Lugalanda, 10. the ruler 11. of Lagash, 12. allotted (it) to them. (Year) 2.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

Genava 26, 5

1. 1 jug of butter oil (ghee), 2. oil of the mašdaria-offering, 3. (from) the shepherds of the goats; 4. 1 jug (and) 3 sila of goat oil, 5. 1 barig (and) 1 ban of kashk-cheese: 6. A-inun; 7. 10 sila of oil: Ur-Ebabbar — 8. goat oil, 9. (from) the shepherds of the goats. 10. (For) Lugalanda [...] 11. in the house of the festival, 12. Ur-igi-ama-še, 13. the overseer, 14. poured it out for him. 6th (year).

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

HSS 03, 04

Obverse 1. 40 gur 3 ban of barley (in) the gur-saggal measure: 2. barley rations of the porters (and) the blind workers, the various ones (registered) on the tablet; 3. 34 (gur) 2 barig ...: barley rations of the female workers (and their) children; 4. [4]3 (gur) less 2 ban: barley for bread, the regular monthly provisions; 5. 15 (gur): barley with its supplement (bar-bi-gal₂). 6. Total: 132 (gur) 2 barig 1 ban(?) of barley (in) the gur-saggal measure. 7. It is the barley for rations (and) barley for bread of the people of Baba. 8. Urukagina, 9. king 10. of Lagash, 11. from the storehouse of B…

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

HSS 03, 43

1 (man): URU-KA-gina-Enlile-su, 1 (man): URU-KA-gina-Ningir[su]ke-su, 1 (man): URU-KA-gina-Nanše-su — they are the men who stand (in service) at the water(-works) (a-en-ra); with Lugal-ešduga, the scribe, they live (i.e., are stationed). Total: 3.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

HSS 03, 44

Obverse, col. i 1. 7 split (dried) fish, 2. 1 hide of a pig of the canebrake (wild boar), 3. (from) the fishermen of Baba — 4. (their) delivery. Obverse, col. ii 5. E-ur, 6. the overseer, 7. brought (it) in with them. 6th (year).

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

HSS 03, 45

1. 10 sheepskins with the fleece plucked (bar sar-ra), 2. 2 skins for ...-ing the UL-LAK470 (purpose obscure), 3. to Amar-Ašnan, 4. the leatherworker, 5. En-iggal, 6. the overseer, 7. in the month 'accounting(?) of the canal' (iti niĝ-ka-i-ka), 8. from the E-munus ('Women's House'), 9. gave to him. (Year) 1.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

HSS 03, 47

1. 10 nanny goats of the fattener, 2. 2 nanny goats of the steppe: 3. goats placed under (his) charge — 4. Ur-Baba 5. is the fattener. 6. En-iggal, 7. the captain, 8. in the storehouse of the garden 9. called them out (registered them). 10. Goats, property of Baba. 11. Sasa, 12. wife of Urukagina, 13. king 14. of Lagash. 7th (year).

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

HSS 03, 48

1. 5 gurgur-vessels of fine (golden) beer — 2. its emmer(-flour): 3 ban; 3. its malt: 5 ban; 4. its beer-bread (bappir): 3 ban. 5. At the festival 'Barley-Eating' 6. of Nanshe, 7. as regular offerings (and) votive contribution it was brewed (pressed); 8. to the palace 9. it was brought (and) 10. consumed. 11. Amar-giri, 12. the brewer. 5th (year).

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

HSS 03, 50

12 gur 2 barig of seed-grain (measured in) gur-saggal (the standard 'big gur' measure): Inimanizi, the chief plowman (sag-apin) — to the field 'Saga-tur' ("Good-Little(-Field)") he carried (it). Month: 'ga2-udu-ur4' ("shearing of sheep"). Enigal, the manager (nubanda), from the e2-ki-sal4-la (storehouse/threshing-floor building) set it out for him. 6.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

JCS 46, 011

4 sheep, dry(-fleece) wool — (for/from) Nigar-mud; 1 sheep — Ur-Uru'a, the governor; sheep whose wool was sheared on shearing day, set aside at the edge/boundary; silver, 5 shekels each, was placed against their necks (charged to their account). Baranamtara, wife of Lugalanda, governor of Lagash. Year 4.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

LB 0003

1(geš2) HU-wool [i.e. 60 units of HU-grade wool]; 283 wool-rations, large (grade); 590 (= 600 minus 10) wool-rations, second (us2) grade; 84 wool (belonging to) Ur-[x]-HA-NI-a; 1 [...] [6? ...] sila3, total [...]; 1 (unit of) bar-udu, wool of bar-dul5-type. Grand total: 1,025 (units) bar-udu wool. (Under authority of) Šulme, the steward (agrig), in the palace, was weighed out (disbursed). [...] (Year:) Lugalanda, ensi2 (ruler) of Lagash, year 3.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

LB 0007

1 barig 2 ban2: cow's cheese/curd. [x] ... emmer wheat. (break) [x ... cow's cheese/curd] (restored) [x] ... emmer wheat. Ur-Ninmar. 2 barig 3 ban2: cow's cheese/curd. Ur-Eshirnun — they are cowherds. Ur-igi-ama-she, the overseer, measured (it) out. Urukagina, king of Lagash. 5 (units, notation |ASZxDISZ@t|).

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

LB 0009

1 jug (of) suspended/measured-out fat, pig fat — (for) Nin-asu. 2 (units): Ninanesi. 2 (units): Geme-dug. 2 sila(?) (of) Ganbaba. 2 hides/leather ...[...] Ahi-[linutil].

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

LB 0932

[Deficit: x shekels of refined] silver. ... document/tablet of ..., it is the field of Huburuma. To Ur-igi-ama, the overseer (nu-banda3), in the house of the man of the measuring-rope (the surveyor), it was declared. When the account was rendered with him, it was placed upon his account (as debt): 6 (units).

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MCS 4, 012 01

91 nanny goats, 1 kid, in good condition, 1 he-goat, in good condition, (under) Amar-ezem, Ur-nuda, Edalu. Urukagina, king of Lagash. 7 (notation: ASZxDISZ numeral sign)

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MLVS 002

4 hides, male sheep; 6 hides, male lambs; 3 hides, [......]; 7(?) [...... hides ......]; 20(?) [...... hides,] kid(s), [......]; the harbor official (en-ku3), by the fattener (kuruszda) — month: festival of Baba — returned into (his) hand. (Transaction of) Baranamtara, wife of Lugalanda, ruler of Lagash. Year 2.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MLVS 004

10 gur barley, sag-gal measure (i.e. of the 'large-head' capacity standard) — as much as its portion (bar) is (still) outstanding/available — Lugalanda — (from/of) the storehouse 'E-gišubidu' ("House-whose-shade-is-good") — to the man, the brewer — he set (it) out for him. 4 (notation).

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MLVS 010

1 hide of ox, hide of calf — for the plow('s fitting/harness) — allotted (ba-PAD-PAD). 2 hides of ox — for the good chariot — disbursed/weighed out (ba-la2). 2 hides of ox — for the IG-NI-du10 (object/fitting) — disbursed/weighed out (ba-la2). Month: 'Granary Heaped Up' (guru7 dub-ba-a). Was consumed/allotted (ba-gu7). [......] (traces, illegible).

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MLVS 012

Basket of tablets: Barley of the nig₂-en-na (obligatory/lordly dues), of the field, (concerning) the transfer(s); (concerning) transfer(s) to the storehouse (ganuna) — [it is on hand / in her custody]. [Bara-namtara], wife of Lugal-anda, ensi₂ (governor) [of Lagash — n (tablets)].

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MLVS 917

11 bar-dul5 garments — (of) the weaver(s) — for Ur-igi-ama, the overseer (nu-banda3). Month: 'the granary, the clay (tablet) opened' [iti guru7 im-du8-a]. Šulbi — he counted for him: 3.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MLVS 918

1/3 mana of za-KU wool — (for) Ur-Ninpirig, the leatherworker. 10 shekels — Ur-igi, the overseer. 10 shekels — Šullu. 15 shekels — ŠUL-bi2. Ur-igi, the captain (nu-banda3). (At) the house of the man of the surveying-rope (surveyor). Month: 'Festival of malt-eating' of Nanše, in the gu2-ne-ne-a (storeroom), [it was placed/deposited].

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MLVS 919

Obverse (arranged in two columns of cases, read top to bottom, right column then left, per archaic tablet convention): 1. [...] ..., split/processed 2. [...] ..., poured (libated) 3. [... ...], poured (libated) 4. [...] gir-fish, split/processed 5. 20(?) [...], gestu(-fish/ear-item), split/processed 6. 140 (2(gesz2) 2(u)), gestu(-fish/ear-item), poured (libated) 7. 20, bitumen (esir) 8. 1, KA-lu-ub2 9. 2, zubud 10. 480(?) (8(gesz2)#?), [...], [...] 11. 70 (1(gesz2) 1(u)), tar 12. 20, nu-tar 13. 15, ki-zi 14. 6, garig (REC333) (Reverse: blank/uninscribed — no cuneiform signs, only the modern…

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MVN 03, 005

[x] 1(u@c)(?) bundles of reed ... 43 bundles of reed [...] cut reed(s) [...] (break) ... "good word" (Inim-duga) 5(gešʼ2) [= 300] bundles of reed cut reed(s) ... (break) It is the 2nd granary. Total: [x] 2 šár 8 geš2 [= 7,680+x] bundles of reed. Enigal, the overseer (nu-banda3). [...] (break) (To) the storehouse "House at the Edge of the City": delivered: 1.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MVN 03, 009

Its area: 1 bur3, 1 eše3, 4 iku, (of) iku(-measure). [...the] nig₂-en-na(-goods) [...] ... [...] ... [...] ... 3 reeds(?) ... matching/aligned heads (sag-sa2) Its area: 1 barig, 1 ban2, ... 30 sar ... its area: 1 barig, šag-TAR ... (illegible) Ur-šul adjoining (the watercourse) Imnun, at Akita.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MVN 03, 012

20: wool-workers (lu2 siki), 2 minas (each). Ur-lumma, son of PI-EN: was given (to him). 10: mug-garments (tug2 mug), Enku, the fisherman: was given (to him). The hired man(s) (lu2 hun-ga2): [...] ... Month: Akiti.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MVN 03, 016

[...]-ke4 (subject/commodity, broken — ergative marker) [Gu]abba (place name, partly broken) for/under the account of Geme-Baba — [...] NU DISZ (signs broken, function unclear) [...] ...-ra (broken) En-iggal, the overseer (nu-banda3), from the storehouse at the edge of the city, gave to him/her: 3 (units).

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MVN 03, 017

1 lamsag-leather (sack), 10 (units) — in the house, the great granary that is built, [are on hand]. 4 hoes, 49 teeth of the field-harrow (GAN2-ur3) — in the tilluba(-storeroom) are on hand. 1 leather ball, 3 [...] [...] [...] its/that ...-ka he/it brought (na-i3-mi-ri) Puzur-Mama, the farmer.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MVN 03, 018

4 gur saggal of barley — barley of the field of Uru'a — Enigal, the overseer, (into) the granary of Baba, in Lagash. isi: 2.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MVN 03, 020

[x (x)] jars. [1(gur)?] 2(barig) barley, (in) gur-measure. 1(gur)? 2(barig): Ur-šul. 8(gur) 2(barig)?: jars. 1(gur) 3(barig): Ur-gu. 10 (gur) minus 1(barig): jars. 2(gur): Iri-ki-du10. 6(gur): jars. 2(gur) 3(barig): Ur-e2. 5(gur) minus 1(barig): jars. 1(gur): Ur-ur.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MVN 03, 066

279 (4×60 + 40 minus 1) ewes, 16 e3-li, 84 (60 + 20 + 4) male sheep (rams), [...] Lala, to the shepherd — were given.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MVN 03, 091

1 gur 2 barig barley — new loan. Ur-gula, the carpenter. 1 gur — Lugal-uma, Nene, the temple administrator. 2 barig — Nin-nigani, son of Ari.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MVN 03, 094

n(+) 21(?) gur saggal of barley (head-measure) — Ur-abzu. Barley, at that place, filled (si). 6 gur 2 barig — barley (of) TAR-USZ. 7 gur 2 barig, filled — barley, at the place of [...], (of) AL-abzu. 2 barig — PU₃-SAR(?), ...(?). 2 gur — Amar-abzu. U₄-sa. [n] gur 2 barig — Amar-abzu. 1 gur — Ur-...-ka. Barley (of) Ha-mul.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

N 0290

2 barig(c) of u2-hab2-plant; 10 (units), disbursed (ba); 1 furrow-measure (absin3) of cedar aromatic-resin (šembi/šim erin-na); from [PN(?)], to Kish; [...] -tu; [...] -built/-du3; was given (to him) / An-na-šum. Month: "Silver-ŠIM" (ku3-ŠIM); day 10 having passed.

Economy

← Previous

1…49 50 51…1154