Position in chronology
AO 03393
Translation · reference
ExperimentalSource: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P491928.
Why it matters
Transliteration
3(disz@t) ansze kusz zu2#-lum 3(disz) sila3#-ta ur-szul 3(disz@t) geme2-ba?-ni 3(disz@t) geme2-szul-pa-e3 1(gesz2)? nin-al-la# 3(disz@t) me-me 3(disz@t) nin-he2-gal2 3(disz@t)# geme2-isztaran 3(disz@t) zi-zi 3(disz@t) sa6-sa6 3(disz@t)# ka-sa6 3(disz@t)#? e2-zi 1(gesz2)? lu2-nun-ki itix(|UD@sxTIL|) ezem ba-ba6 zi-ga
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Old Akkadian (ca. 2340-2200 BC)) — AO 03393. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Louvre Museum, Paris, France (P491928) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P491928..
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Related sources
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Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.