Position in chronology
CST 001
Translation · reference
ExperimentalSource: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P221751.
Why it matters
Transliteration
3(u@c) 3(asz@c) u8-ama 3(u@c) la2 1(asz@c) udu-nita 8(asz@c) MUNUS-U8 sila4 nim 5(asz@c) sila4 nita sila4 nim 4(asz@c) MUNUS-U8 e3-li 3(asz@c) sila4 nita e3-li szu-nigin2 1(gesz2@c) 2(u@c) 2(asz@c) u8 sila4-bi-ta udu u2-rum en-da-nir-gal2-kam szubur nu-banda3 e2 e-sir2-ra-ka e-ur4 lugal-i3-kusz2 e-da-se12 1(|ASZxDISZ@t|)
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (ED IIIb (ca. 2500-2340 BC)) — CST 001. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: John Rylands Library, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (P221751) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P221751..
Related tablets
Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.