Position in chronology
Sargon II 084
Translation · reference
High confidence(1') [I continually ac]ted [as provider for (the cities) Sippar, Nippur, Babylon, and Borsippa (and) I made restitution for the wrongful damage suffered by] the people of privileged status, as many [as there were (of them); I restored the exemption (from obligations) of (the city) Baltil (Aššur) and the city Ḫarrān, which] had fallen into oblivion [in the distant past], and their privileged status that had la[psed]. (3') [...] (with) pure zaḫalû-silver for the work on Eḫursaggalkurkurra (“House, the Great Mountain of the Lands”), the sanctuary of the god Aššur [...] ... the goddesses Queen of…
Source: Frame, G. 2021. The Royal Inscriptions of Sargon II, King of Assyria (721–705 BC). RINAP 2. University Park, PA: Eisenbrauns. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/rinap/rinap2/Q006565/
Why it matters
Transliteration
[ša ZIMBIR.KI NIBRU.KI KÁ.DINGIR.RA.KI ù bár-sipa.KI za-nin-us-su-un e-tep]-⸢pu-šá⸣ <ša> ⸢LÚ.ERIM⸣.MEŠ ki-din-ni ⸢mal⸣ [ba-šu-ú ḫi-bil-ta-šú-nu a-rib-ma] / [za-kut bal-til.KI ù URU.ḫar-ra-ni šá ul-tu u₄-me ma-aʾ-du-ti] ⸢im⸣-ma-šu-ma ki-din-nu-us-su-⸢un ba⸣-[ṭil-ta ú-ter áš-ru-uš-šá]1 / [...] za-ḫa-lu-ú eb-bu a-na ši-pir é-ḫur-sag-gal-kur-kur-ra at-man daš-šur x [...]2 / [...] x SU Ú TAR ⸢DA?⸣…
Scholarly note
Royal inscription of Sargon II, edited by Grant Frame (RINAP 2, 2021). ORACC text Q006565.
Attribution
Image: Created by Grant Frame and the Royal Inscriptions of the Neo-Assyrian Period (RINAP) Project, 2019. Adapted for RINAP Online by Joshua Jeffers and Jamie Novotny and lemmatized by Giulia Lentini, Nathan Morello, and Jamie Novotny, 2019, for the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation-funded OIMEA Project at the Historisches Seminar - Abteilung Alte Geschichte of Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München. The annotated edition is released under the Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike license 3.0..
Translation excerpted from Frame, G. 2021. The Royal Inscriptions of Sargon II, King of Assyria (721–705 BC). RINAP 2. University Park, PA: Eisenbrauns. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/rinap/rinap2/Q006565/.
Related tablets
Related sources
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.
The oldest surviving law code in human history. The principle that the state — not the wronged family — defines and enforces justice begins here.
Not the first law code, but the most complete and the most famous. Inscribed on a black diorite stele over two meters tall, displayed in a public place — law made visible, law made monumental.