Read Chronology Themes Tablets Engine About

Menu

Read
Chronology
Themes
Tablets
Engine
About

Sumerian · Book

Reading the tablets…

A curated narrative reconstruction of humanity's first great civilization, sourced from the tablets themselves. Open scholarship, beautifully accessible.

The site

About the project The engine Dossiers FAQ Methodology Sources & licensing Provenance & ethics Contact & support

Legal

Privacy policy Terms of use llms.txt Sitemap

Independent scholarship · No academic affiliation · No institutional funding · Tablet imagery attributed per item via CDLI, ETCSL, ORACC, Wikimedia, and public museum collections.

Home
All tablets

The corpus

All tablets.

Every tablet in the corpus — sortable by date, title or period; filterable by theme and period. Use the controls below or change the URL parameters directly.

Search

Sort

Oldest first Newest first Title (A–Z)By period

Theme

Religion & Myth Law Economy Astronomy & Mathematics Daily Life Writing & Literature

Period

Ubaid Uruk Period Early Dynastic Akkadian Empire Ur III · Neo-Sumerian Old Babylonian Old Assyrian Middle Babylonian Middle Assyrian Neo-Assyrian Neo-Babylonian Achaemenid Persian

Source

Editorial Sumerian literature Sumerian royal Assyrian royal Assyrian archives

3,720 of 102,257 tablets · 5 filters activeClear filters

851–900 of 3720

Page 18 / 75

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 143

1 gur of dabin-flour[,] 2 barig of beer-bread (bappir), 2 barig of malt, 2 barig of groats — (for) the elder (ab-ba); it was given to him. Ur-[...] is its commissioner (maškim). É-dumu ("house of the children"). Month: Duku (du6-ku3).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 144

1 gur of fine flour, 1 gur of beer-bread (bappir), 1 gur of malt, 1 gur of groats — Šeš-bad, the cupbearer; from the overseer (nu-banda) it was given to him. The House of the Child(ren) (E-dumu). Month: še-sag-sig-ga.

Economy

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 150

1 gur of barley, 1 gur of emmer, 2 barig of fine flour (zi₃-sig₁₅), 3 barig of dabin-flour, 2 barig of groats (niĝ₂-ar₃-ra), [n] (measures of) beer-bread (bappir), 2 barig of malt, 3 barig of barley — it is for beer: (these are) of the boatmen. An-ne-šum (disbursed/received it). It belongs to the House of the Children (e₂-dumu). Month: ĝa₂-udu-ur₄ ("sheep-plucking pen").

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 153

5 gur of flour of emmer (and) wheat — (for) the chief constable (gal5-lá-gal); 5 gur of flour of emmer (and) wheat — (for) the chief herald (nimgir-gal); for the "house of the children" (e₂-dumu) he delivered (it). Ur-Ninmug, the scribe — it was given to him. Month: Duku (the "Holy Mound"). (Summary/label:) emmer (and) wheat — the household of the overseer (nu-[banda]).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 181

[n] ram(s) — Nani — were given to him. 3 ram(s) — Nani — were given to him. (for) the journey (gìri-gen-na). Utu-tešmu, É-dumu, Di-Utu the overseer (nu-banda). Month: “Harvesting of the barley.”

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 182

Obverse 1. [ ... ] ... 2. [ ... ]-ba 3. it belongs to the [house] of the children (é-dumu) 4. 20 less 2 (= 18) udu-HAR sheep 5. month: Ab-e'e-ziga 6. [ ... ] 7. [ ... ] (Reverse / continuation) 8. Ur-[ga] 9. the farmer [ ... ] 10. Di-Utu 11. the overseer (nu-banda) 12. under the authority of Giri-gena 13. [ ... ]

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 202

[n] … i-zi; 9 (ten minus one) chariots — Šubur; 4 (units of) mud; 3 plow-heads (sag-apin); [n] work-troop(s); belonging to the House of the Children (e₂-dumu); he delivered (them). Month: "Shearing-of-the-sheep-in-the-pen" (iti ga₂-udu-ur₄).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 203

10 long beams, also new — Ur-Dumuzida. [n] long [beams …] — A-zuzu, Isin. … wool(?) therefrom — the courier(?) — 5 long poles, discarded — A-zuzu, Isin.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 207

21 minas of copper — Az, the overseer. 20½ (minas) — Lugal-ḫul. 10½ (minas) — Lugal-nig-bara-du. 4 (minas) — Lugal-ezem, the cook. 3½ (minas) — Ama-abzu-si. 3 (minas) — E-ki. (This is) the copper brought forth as surplus. Inim-zida is its commissioner (maškim). (Reverse: uninscribed)

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 209

1 gur 2 barig of dates, (for) Ur-[lu], to the boatman, for (transport to) SAG-NAGAR, it was given to him. [Edumu], Di-Utu, the overseer. Month: Akiti.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 232

1 (unit) [...] 1 (unit) [...] [...] — it is of the field. Lu-[...] the farmer, [...] KA-x-[x] [...] [...] mu-laḫ (the boatman/Mu-laḫ) Ur-gu for Puta-pada [he gave it to him]. Month: ĝa'udu-ur (the sheep-shearing month); year: the bricks at Karkar were laid down and set in place.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 315

(Obverse) 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10 10, 10, 10, [10], 10, 10 (Fifty-four impressions of the sign for "ten"; total 540.) (Reverse: uninscribed / surface eroded, no text preserved.)

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 399

(obverse, column i–ii) 40 (loaves of) *ninda-UD* bread, good (quality); 7 (units of) UKKEN×GUG₂; beer, (in) sila-measures — (for) the weaver(s); 3 (units of) aromatic …[-x]; sila-measures — (for) U₂-U₂-la; 5 (units of) DIN-ŠE; beer, (in) sila-measures; 10 (units of) sweet beer, (in) sila-measures. (reverse: uninscribed)

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 403

24 ewes; 13 lambs; 10 sheep, two years old; 10 sheep, gu-gu-u₂; 2 prime billy-goats (masz₂-sag) — the fallen (animals), gathered up. 27 gazelle-sheep (udu masz-da₃). Fattened sheep of the Great Storehouse (ganun-mah); plucked/gathered: 27. Year, month 7.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 407

2 ewes — uzug (cult-status personnel); 2 rams — Ki-de'ude'; 2 ewes, 2 rams — A-zuzu; 1 ewe, 1 ram — Ur-abzu; 2 ewes — Amar-ki-ku; 2 rams — Gu-ni-DU; 1 ewe, 1 ram — Nita, the shepherd; 1 LAK020(-animal) — En-sila-si; 3 nanny-goats — Dugani. Sheep from the lane(?): |LAK617×HI| — 30 less 1 (= 29); year(s), month 4(?) — Me-ane-du. Given to the fattener. 22 sheep (in total).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 412

13 — Si-du 27 (30 minus 3) — Ur-ni 25 — the overseer, the captain (nu-banda) 20 — Ur-Nin-ildu 15 — Ur-sag-utu 12 — Du[ga]-ni-du 11 — Ekur-nusi 19 (20 minus 1) — Ur-ennun Total: 142 [...] (sign at the end broken) (Reverse: uninscribed / surface eroded, no legible signs)

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 413

Obverse 20 ewes; 4 fattened ewes, 1 ram — Sag-eš-tuku; 15 lambs; [x?] ... lambs; [...] ...; 2 male lambs, 3 female lambs, bar-li; gathered (culled); 7 female lambs (for) plucking, 3 fattened sheep — Sag-eš-tuku; 10 ewes, 15 male lambs (for) plucking, gazelle(s); gathered (culled), fattened, given; [...] the great storehouse [...] of the plucking — 30 less 3 (= 27); year; 7 months.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 419

Obverse 1/2 shekel of refined silver — Ba-NI. 1 ram: Lugal-ezem. 1 shekel: Lu-x-[...]. 2 (units of) silver, the purchase price, in shekels. 2 (units of) silver, the purchase price, in shekels: Dingir-lu-maḫ. 2 (units of) silver, the purchase price, in shekels: Ur-pu-sag. 2 (units of) silver, the purchase price, in shekels: Di-Utu, Lugal-ezem. 1/3 shekel of silver, the purchase price: Ur-sag-Utu. [n] shekel(s) of silver: [...] (two illegible signs) 4 1/3 shekels of silver: Abba-tur. 2 kids.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CUSAS 35, 476

2 gur 3 barig of barley, by the sag-gal (standard) gur; Gan-NE. 10 minas of garlic(?) — purchase-goods; 1/2 (mina/shekel) of silver, in hand; 12 minas of wool; 1 (jar of) beer; 1 person; 1/2 suluhu-fleece; 50 apples. Gan-NE. 3 ban of emmer; 30 apples; 10 aktum-garments; 10 loaves of bread; 1 za₃ of silver. (Reverse: uninscribed.)

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 027

Basket of tablets: dusu-fish and table-fish which the fishermen of the sea delivered; sweet-water fish are there along with them. Sasa, wife of Urukagina, king of Lagash. 3rd (year).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 039

353 (6 gešʾu minus 7) gur-saggal of barley; 193 gur-saggal of white emmer; 53 gur-saggal of gu-nida (a fine emmer/wheat variety); 10 gur-saggal of wheat. Total: 609 (10 gešʾu plus 10 minus 1) gur-saggal. (From) the Kiti field, the sustenance land (šuku) of Enentarzi, ruler (ensi) of Lagaš. At Kiti it was threshed ("beaten with wood"). Ur-Šerda transferred (it) to him. (Year) 4.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 052

10 fine gu-breads, provisions (food to be consumed); 50 sur-(vessels); 10 small (jars) of milk; 40 mud-vessels of milk — (for) Nanshe. 30 sur-(vessels); 20 mud-vessels of milk — (for) Nindar(a). [Bread] (and) pure milk. Baranamtara, wife of Lugalanda, ruler of Lagash. (Year) 4.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 061

1 gur-ra sheep — it belongs to the Abzu on the bank. When the ruler went for the matter of the šagan, Baranamtara made the offering with it; the sheep was consumed. Enku, he is the fattener. (Year) 2.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 064

1 ram — (for) Nin-[dar]; 1 sheep — (for) Nin-[MUŠ₃]-bar(?); 1 sheep — (for) Nin-[MAR.KI]. [When(?) Nindar(?)] [was brought into] his new [temple], [Bara]-namtara, wife of Lugal-anda, ruler [of Lagash], performed the offering. (reverse) Sheep consumed. Enku, the fattener. (Year) 2.

Economy·Religion & Myth

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 079

1 sheep with its fleece still wrapped (unshorn) — (for) Baba; Baranamtara, (wife of) the ruler, when she resided at the gate of Pirig-[tur-gin₇]-du, [delivered (it) to her]. (reverse) [Sheep consumed.] [Ur-du], the chief herdsman, [it is (his account)].

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 080

1 sheep — the ruler (ensi); 1 kid — the sanga-administrator of Nanše; 1 lamb, 1 kid — the sanga-administrator of Nin-MAR.KI: on the bank they were consumed. 1 sheep of the ruler; 1 sheep — the chief scribe: on the day of his banquet, at the place of the funerary libation (ki-a-nag) they were consumed. 1 sheep ... [broken] total of the [grand] sum: they were brought to be consumed. These are the sheep (that were) consumed.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 085

1 lamb, [a gift-offering (masz-da-re-a)], [...] [1 male goat], UD — Nin-uma, wife of Lala, the herald. 1 short (stunted) male goat — the temple administrator of Nanše. In the month of the festival of Lugal-URU₁₁, at its completion, to Bara-namtara he delivered (them). Enku, the fattener, set (them) aside. (Year) 5.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 090

1 plucked ram — the mašdaria-gift of Nin-bur, wife of the man of the long measuring-rope (the surveyor); to Bara-namtara in the month of the Festival of Malt-Eating of Lugal-URU11 she delivered it into the women's house. En-ku, the fattener, carried it off. 2nd (year).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 103

1 gir-animal, one year old, a gir of the "dun" (kind/place) — Dingir-šešmu: he is the cowherd. Ningirsu-lumu, together with Dal-mušen, was put under admonition (oath) in the matter. Its silver: 10 shekels. To Sasa, wife of Uru-inimgina (Urukagina), ruler of Lagash, in the palace he returned it into her hand. (Year) 1.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 104

50 full-grown goats, goats of the dun-a class, (from) the enku-official — it is the fattener's (charge). En-iggal, the overseer, after the malt-eating festival of Nanše, to Lugal-inim, the goat-herd, at the gate of the É-ki[...] [gave] them to him. It was not entered on the broad tablet. 3rd (year).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 140

16 men — Ur-šerda; 20 minus 2 (18) — Inim-du; 15 — U-U; 4 — boatmen; 1 reed-worker: 2 barig; 1 carpenter: 2 barig; 3 barig — (the man) from Keš, carpenter; 15 — Ur-sag. (These are) the foremen of the porters. En-iggal, the overseer (nu-banda), from the tablet of the barley rations of Ningirsu had it copied out. 1st (year).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 142

2 gur 2 ban of barley rations — NE-GI-bar barley, (measured) by the head-gur: Sag-Ningirsuda; 1 gur 2 barig: Enku; 1 gur 1 barig 1 ban: Lugal-sipa. Total: 5 gur less 3 ban of [NE]-GI-[bar] barley, [head-gur measure]. Month [...] of Nin[girsu]. Eniggal, the overseer, distributed (it) to the carriers. 4th (year). It is the 4th distribution. 1 (gur): Id-lu-sikil, son of Ur-Ninmar, Lu-inimanizi.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 143

2 barig of barley, to feed the birds — En-ušure brought (it). 4 ban of barley: the man of Umma who resides with Ur-mud; it was brought as his barley ration. Fodder: barley of the bara-gur₅-a. It belongs to Geme-Tarsirsir. Month: gu₄-ra₂-bi₂-mu₂-a. En-iggal, the overseer, distributed (it) to them. 2nd (year).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 146

22 gur 2 barig of white emmer, (by) the saggal-gur measure — the regular provision for 2 months: (for) Amar-giri. 20 (gur) of emmer — the regular provision for dark beer for 1 month, it is set in its place (as replacement): (for) Ili-beli. They are the brewers. En-šugigi, the steward, from the storehouse (called) Igi-zi-mu-še-bar issued (it) to them. 6th (year).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 147

22 gur 2 barig of white emmer, by the saggal-gur measure: regular provisions (sá-du₁₁) for 2 months — Amar-giri. 20 (gur) of emmer: regular provisions of dark beer, for 1 month — it has been set in its place (as a replacement issue) — Ili-beli. They are the brewers. En-šu-gigi, the steward, from the storehouse Igi-zi-mu-še-bar issued it to them. (Year) 6. It is the 3rd issue.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 151

Total: 67 gur less 2 ban (of barley), by the standard (sag-gal) gur — barley rations of the men who hold subsistence allotments. 29 gur, 1 barig, 2 ban: barley rations of the porters (íl), the igi-nu-du₈ workers, the craftsmen of the workshop, and the various šà-dub personnel. 42 gur, 1 barig, 2 ban: barley set out as the regular (sá-du₁₁) provisions, its bar-portion being on hand. Grand total: 140 less 2 gur, 2 ban of barley, by the standard gur — barley rations and barley set out, of the House of Baba. From the granary of the House of Baba, the adjoining one. En-šu-gi₄-gi₄, the steward (…

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 170

1 gur, 1 ban2, 3 sila of dub-bread — (for) fine beer; 1 ban2 3 sila of warm bread; 2 ban2, its beer-bread (bappir); 3 ban2, its malt — (this is) good dark beer. To Nin-emuše, to the lady, the woman, it was brought. 3 ban2 of beer-bread for fine beer, 5 ban2 of malt — its beer was brewed at the woman's (household) place. Consumed. Amar-giri, the man of the brewer. (Year) 5.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 178

5 (units of) wool, sheep-fleece — (for) Abgal; 2 (units of) wool, sheep-fleece — (for) Nimgir-esha-tum; 5 men who carry the ma-sa₂(-vessel) — wool, sheep-fleece, 1 (unit) each — they received (it). The men who brought the pure milk. Baranamtara, wife of Lugalanda, ruler of Lagash, allotted (it) to them. 1st (year).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 199

1 sheep — (for) Nin-MAR.KI; 1 sheep — (for) the E-tur (the cattle-pen); for the calf-watering rite — Baranamtara "touched the wood" (i.e. made the offering). Nin-mu-ma-da-ag, the barber, brought (them) in for her. (The sheep) were consumed. (reverse) It is (the account) of Enku the fattener. (Year) 4.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 200

1 sheep — (for) Mes-an-du; 1 sheep — (for) Nin-šubur. Baranamtara, in the month of the festival of Lugal-URU11 (Lugal-URUxKAR2), at its ending, when she went to the House of the Crescent in the Holy City, made the offering. The sheep, having been consumed — it is (the account) of Enku the fattener. (Year) 4.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 201

1 sheep, for (the god) Mes-andu: Bara-namtara, after the festival "Barley-eating of Nanše," offered (it); it was consumed (eaten). (Account) of Enku the fattener. Year 5.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 202

1 sheep, 1 kid; beer (and) bread, together with (the offerings for) the threshing floor — to the place of the ruler (ensi) he brought (them). Grain-fed sheep. Enku, the fattener. (Year) 5. (The reverse is uninscribed.)

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 204

10 ninda-bread (loaves) of fine flour, 30 sur-cakes, 1 nig2-banda3-measure of milk, 25 (units) of mud-ga (dairy product) — for Nanše; 20 sur-cakes, 1 nig2-banda3-measure of milk, [x] mud-ga — for Nindara; pure milk-bread — Baranamtara, wife of Lugalanda, ruler (ensi2) of Lagash, had delivered to her. 2.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 209

1 ram, 1 goat, 1 young/thin goat — as mašdare-offering — (from) A-agrig-zi, the sanga-priest of (the goddess) Ninmar. Month: 'Festival of malt-eating of Ningirsu.' Baranamtara delivered (it) to her. Enku, the fattener — disbursed: 4th (entry/occurrence).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 210

1 short-horned goat: mashdaria-offering (regular offering) — (of) Gešgalsi, (of) Gal-UN. 1 goat, sig-grade: the temple administrator (sanga) Dugru (brought it) — for Bara-namtara. Month: "the malt-feast of Nanše." It was brought/delivered to the palace. Enku, the fattener, disbursed (it): total 4.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 217

1 ewe — (as) mashdaria-offering, (from) the wife of the sanga-priest of Ebabbar, to the Abzu at the bank of the canal, (delivered by) Baranamtara. In the month 'House-of-sheep-shearing,' it was struck down (slaughtered) (and) consumed. Enku is the fattening-official (in charge). Niglu, the minister (sukkal), (is responsible). Its enforcers (maszkim): 5.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 219

1 male sheep (ram) — Bara-irnun, wife of Alla, the fuller (garment-cleaner) — for the newborn child. When the festival of Lugal-uru(11)-ka was finished, in the kitchen it was prepared for her. Sheep consumed — Enku, is (the responsibility) of the fattener. Total: 4.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 232

8 oxen, of one year (age), grass-fed (pasture-raised) oxen: Lugalanda, ruler of Lagash, to the palace, as returned calves, to Dingir-šešmu, the cowherd, he gave. 1 (head), of their cowherds, has not been withdrawn (remains outstanding).

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 259

1 wool sheep: Nigar-mud. 1 wool sheep: Lugal-da. They are the shepherds of the wool sheep. Month: 'Festival of malt-eating' of (the goddess) Nanše. Concerning this matter, it was set/imposed (upon them). Urukagina, ruler (ensi2) of Lagash, returned (them) to the palace. Total: 1.

~2400 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

DP 260

1 wool-sheep — na-e-ma-ri (offering/allocation). Month: 'wool-distribution.' En-DU, shepherd of the wool-sheep, (delivered it) to Sasa, wife of Urukagina, king of Lagaš; in the palace it was returned/delivered into her hand. Total: 1.

1…17 18 19…75