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Ubaid Uruk Period Early Dynastic Akkadian Empire Ur III · Neo-Sumerian Old Babylonian Old Assyrian Middle Babylonian Middle Assyrian Neo-Assyrian Neo-Babylonian Achaemenid Persian

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1601–1650 of 23476

Page 33 / 470

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 17

Records Ur-Namma restoring Magan boat traffic and sea-merchant access to quay walls — direct evidence that Ur III kings actively managed long-distance Gulf trade as an act of royal piety toward the moon-god Nanna.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-Sumerian

ETCSRI

Ur-Namma 33

Attests Ur-Namma's construction of a temple for Inana, linking royal piety to political legitimacy at the height of the Ur III empire's centralised religious building programme.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 35

Dedicatory inscription in which Ur-Namma claims construction of a temple for the sun-god Utu, attesting the king's programme of sacred building as a pillar of Ur III royal legitimacy.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 36

Attests Ur-Namma's construction of Ninhursaĝa's temple at Keš, linking the founder of the Ur III dynasty to one of Sumer's oldest cult centres through royal building patronage.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 39

Records Ur-Namma's excavation of a dedicated offering canal at Ur, linking royal hydraulic engineering directly to the provisioning of temple cult under Enlil's authority.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 40

Ur-Namma's canal dedication to the moon-god Nanna at Ur attests the Ur III state's hydraulic investment as an act of royal piety, linking irrigation infrastructure directly to divine patronage.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 42

A royal inscription of Ur-Namma, founder of the Ur III dynasty and promulgator of the oldest known law code, dedicated to the moon-god Nanna — one of dozens of such dedications anchoring royal legitimacy in divine patronage.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 47

Dedicatory vow on a vase from Nanna's temple at Ur links Ur-Namma's building piety to Gilgameš as divine protector — and preserves one of the earliest epigraphic curse formulae against inscription erasure.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 49

A fragmentary Ur-Namma royal inscription that adds one more manuscript witness to the corpus defining how Ur III kings projected legal and divine authority in their own words.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 54

Attests a daughter of Ur-Namma serving as en-priestess of the moon-god Nanna at Ur, documenting the dynastic strategy of placing royal women in Mesopotamia's highest cultic offices.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 01

Royal titulary of Amar-Suena, third king of Ur III: attests the formula 'king of the four quarters' that legitimised Sumerian rulers as universal sovereigns under Enlil's divine mandate.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianEditorial

Drehem Cattle-Distribution Tablet

A window into the world's first total state. The Ur III administration tracked every animal, every worker, every shekel — for a population in the millions. The level of paperwork was not exceeded until the modern era.

Economy·Daily Life

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 02

(1) Amar-Suena, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 03

(1) For Enlil, the king of all lands, his master, Amar-Suena, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, built the Kura-igi-ĝ̃al, the ziggurat temple, his beloved temple.

Religion & Myth·Writing & Literature

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 04

(1) Amar-Suena, the powerful king.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 05

(i 1) For Enlil, the king of all lands, his master, Amar-Suena, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, installed this (door socket) at Enlil's pure foundation pit, at the place that fills Amar-Suena's heart with joy.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 06

(1) For Enlil, the king of all lands, his beloved master, Amar-Suena, nominated by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, built the temple in which syrup, ghee, and wine never cease in (Enlil's) place of offering.

Religion & Myth·Writing & Literature

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 07

(o 1') ... whose name was prošlaimed by ..., the steadfast supporter of Enlilś temple, the powerful ..., king of Urim, king of the four quarterṣ built the E-temen-ni-guru, his beloved temple, in Urim.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 08

(1) For Ningal, his lady, Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, built the Ĝipar-kug, her beloved temple. He dedicated it to her for his well-being.

Religion & Myth·Writing & Literature

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 09

(1) Since the dawn of time no temple has been built for the Dubla-maḫ except for an offering-place, where a reed hut was erected, (but now) for Nanna, his beloved master, Amar-Suena, the beloved of Nanna, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, built a temple for the Dubla-maḫ, the building marvelled at by the Land, his place of rendering judgements, his net, the one from which no enemy of Amar-Suena may escape. He made it shining, decorated it with gold, silver, and lapis lazuli. In…

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 11

(1) Amar-Suena, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, erected the statue (with the name) "It is him whose name was proclaimed by Suen who is the beloved of Urim". (1) Copy of a baked brick from the excavated debris of Urim, the work of Amar-Suena, king of Urim, that Sîn-balāssu-iqbi, military governor of Urim, found while looking for the ground-plan of the E-kiš-nu-ĝal. Nabû-šuma-iddin, son of Iddin-Papsukkal, the lamentation-priest of Sîn, read and copied it for viewing. (14) Whoever…

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 13

(1) For Inana, the lady of battle, his beloved spouse, Amar-Suena, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, fashioned her bronze ... of the E-ĝipar. He dedicated it to her for his well-being.

Religion & Myth·Writing & Literature

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 14

(1) For Inana, lady of the evening, her lady, Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, built her temple.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 19

(1) En-maḫ-gal-ana, the en priestess of Nanna.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 2008

(o 1) To Nungal, lady of the prisons, the life-giving lady, his lady, Puzur-ilī, the chief administrator of the E-ugti, dedicated this (stone tablet) for the well-being of Amar-Suena, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters.

Religion & Myth·Writing & Literature

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 2039add / CDLI Seals 005909 (CDLI Seals 005909 (composite))

(i 1) Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Nanna-maba, the scribe, child of Unapšen, is your servant.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Amar-Suena 2042add / CDLI Seals 000303 (CDLI Seals 000303 (composite))

(1) Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, presented (this seal) to Nawir-ilum, the shepherd, his servant.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Šu-Suen 11

Records Habaluke, governor of Adab, dedicating a temple to Šu-Suen: evidence that provincial governors constructed cult buildings in the ruling king's name, binding local religious patronage to Ur III royal ideology.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Šulgi 12

Dedicatory inscription naming Šulgi as 'king of Sumer and Akkad': one of the textual anchors for dating his building programme at the Ninĝirsu temple and tracking the titulature of Ur III kingship.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Šulgi 16

Dedicates a dam to the goddess Ninḫursaĝa, attesting Šulgi's hydraulic patronage and the theological framing of Ur III infrastructure as divine service.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 24

Royal titulary linking Ur-Namma to the Ekur at Nippur, attesting his bid to legitimise Ur III kingship through patronage of Enlil's cult — the theological cornerstone of Sumerian royal authority.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ur-Namma 26

Ur-Namma's dedication of a temple to Enlil and excavation of the Id-en-eren-nun canal attests the intertwining of hydraulic infrastructure and divine patronage at the height of Ur III state-building.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ibbi-Suen 02

(1) After he roared over Susa, Adamšah, and the land of Awan like a storm, made them submit in a single day, and captured their lords, Ibbi-Suen, the protective god of his land, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, fashioned for Nanna, who spreads radiance over his people, the most luminous lord among the gods, his master, an artfully wrought golden šagan bowl, whose decoration with bisons and snakes, and with the awe-inspiring dark raincloud1 attracts never-ending admiration, so that the mouth-opening ritual (carried out) with it at the place of the treasure chest durin…

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ibbi-Suen 04

(o 1) For Nanna, the fierce calf of An, lord, the firstborn child of Enlil, his master, Ibbi-Suen, the god of his land, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, fashioned an image of the Meluhhan leopard brought to him as a diplomatic gift from Marḫaši. He dedicated it to him for his well-being. The name of this leopard is „May it be caught!"

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ibbi-Suen 05

(1) For Nanna, his master, Ibbi-Suen, the god of his land, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, dedicated this (bead) for his well-being.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ibbi-Suen 2004

(1) To Bau, her lady, 'Aman-ili, the spouse of Arad-Nanna, governor of Lagaš, dedicated this (eye stone) for the well-being of Ibbi-Suen.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ibbi-Suen 2005

(1) For Nindara, the mighty master, his master, Ur-Ninĝirsu, (also called?) En-me-zid-ana, the šennu priest, the beloved en priest of Nanše, fashioned this (statuette) for the well-being of Ibbi-Suen, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ibbi-Suen 2015

(1) To Ĝatumdug, his lady, E-heĝal, child of Anza, dedicated this (bead) for the well-being of Ibbi-Suen.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Ibbi-Suen 2016

(1) To Ninšubur, his personal deity, ... for the well-being of Ibbi-Suen, the god of his land.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Šu-Suen 01

(ii 7) In support of Šu-Suen, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, Enlil installed Inana as his own helper, and both of them descended from the sky to his right and left.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Šu-Suen 06

(1') When he conquered the land of Zabšali and the (other) Šimaškian lands, then for ..., ..., the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, fashioned an image of the billy goat brought to him as a diplomatic gift of Anšan. He dedicated it to him for his well-being.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Šu-Suen 07

(shoulder 1) Šu-Suen, the beloved of Enlil, the king whom Enlil chose in his heart, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, dedicated this (statue) for his well being. (colophon 1, 1) Inscription, right shoulder, stone statue. (socle 1) 2 sila of bread, 2 sila of date-syrup, 1 sila of liquor, 1 sila of beer, one cut of meat, as monthly food offering from the table of Enlil, my master; 1 ..., 1 sila of good oil, as monthly food offering from the temple of Ninlil, my lady, was assigned by Šu-Suen, the beloved of Enlil, the king whom Enlil chose in his heart, the powerful…

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Šu-Suen 08

(1') Since the beginning of time when the people were settled, no king has ever a made him a lofty stele .... Šu-Suen, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, ....

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Šu-Suen 12

(1) For Šu-Suen, whose name was proclaimed by An, the beloved of Enlil, the king whom Enlil chose in his holy heart as the shepherd of the land and of the four quarters, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, his god, Ituria, governor of Ešnuna, his servant built his temple.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Šu-Suen 13

(1) For Šu-Suen, the beloved of Enlil, the king whom Enlil chose with the love of his heart, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, his king, Arad-Nanna, the grand vizier, governor of Lagaš, temple administrator of Enki, military governor of Uṣar-Garšana, military governor of Bašime, governor of Sabum and the land of Gutebum, military governor of Dimat-Enlila, governor of Āl-Šu-Suen, military governor of Urbillum, governor of Ḫamzi and Karaḫar, military governor of ..., military governor of Šimaški and the land of Kardak, his servant, built his temple in Ĝirsu.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Šu-Suen 14

(1) For Šu-Suen, the beloved of Enlil, the king whom Enlil chose with the love of his heart, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, his god, ..., the general, his servant, built his temple.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Šu-Suen 15

(1) For Šu-Suen, the beloved of Enlil, the king whom Enlil chose with the love of his heart, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, his god, Lugal-magure, captain of the guards, governor of Urim, his servant, built his beloved temple.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Šu-Suen 16

(1) For Šara, the confidant of An, the beloved child of Inana, his father, Šu-Suen, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, built the E-šage-pada, his beloved temple for his (own) well-being.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Šu-Suen 17

(1) When he built the wall against the Amorites, (called) "Muriq-Tidnim", and had the Amorite troops turned back into their land, then for Šara, the confidant of An, the beloved child of Inana, his father, Šu-Suen, išib priest of An, gudug priest with purified hands for Enlil, Ninlil, and the great gods, the king whom Enlil chose with the love of his heart as the shepherd of the Land, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, built the E-šage-pada, his beloved temple for his (own) well-being.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-SumerianETCSRI

Šu-Suen 18

(1) For Šara, the confidant of An, the beloved child of Inana, his master, Šu-Suen, the beloved of Enlil, the king whom Enlil chose with the love of his heart, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, built the E-šage-pada, his beloved temple.

Writing & Literature·Religion & Myth

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