Position in chronology
MDP 26S, 4769
Translation · reference
ExperimentalSource: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P009207.
Why it matters
Transliteration
M157 M177~a M388 M032 M297 M288 , 1(N14) M348 M288# , 1(N01) 1(N39B) M292 M388 M146 M032 M332~g [...] , 1(N14)#? x M347 M219#? M101 , 1(N14) M288# , 3(N14) 1(N01) 1(N39B)
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — MDP 26S, 4769. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Louvre Museum, Paris, France (P009207) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P009207..
Related tablets
Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.