Position in chronology
MDP 26S, 4776
Translation · reference
ExperimentalSource: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P009213.
Why it matters
Transliteration
M157 , M005~a# M213~b M346 , 2(N01) M005~a x [...] , [2(N01)] [...] , 2(N01) M249~c M001 , 2(N01) M131# M388# [...] , 2(N01) [...] M388 M260~1 M260~1 , 2(N01) M075~ab [...] [M346] , [...] 2(N01) 2(N01)
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — MDP 26S, 4776. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Louvre Museum, Paris, France (P009213) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P009213..
Related tablets
Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.