Position in chronology
MDP 26S, 4795
Translation · reference
ExperimentalSource: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P009231.
Why it matters
Transliteration
M157# , M304 M146~d M383~n M151~c , 1(N30C) 1(N30D) M033# , 1(N30C) 1(N30D)# [x] , 1(N30C)# 1(N30D) M111~n M218? |M036+1(N30D)| , 1(N14) M219 [x] , 1(N30C) 1(N30D) x
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — MDP 26S, 4795. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Louvre Museum, Paris, France (P009231) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P009231..
Related tablets
Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.