Position in chronology
MDP 31, 037
Translation · reference
ExperimentalSource: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P009376.
Why it matters
Transliteration
|M377~e+M320+M377~e|# , M157 M388 M218 M329~b M388 M066 M136# M259? M388 M218 M314 M297 M206~d , 1(N01) M352~o! M338~b M066 , 1(N01) M365~g M218 , 1(N01) M263 M318# M371 , 1(N01) M001#? M066#? M217~j M352~o M218~b M388 M338~b M009# M371 , 2(N01)# M377~e# M347 M371#? M388 M377~e M040 M372 M365~g x , 1(N01) M325~d M388 M218 M220 |M218+M288|? M066 , 1(N01)#? x M295~e? M218 , 1(N01)# [...] , 9(N01)?
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Proto-Elamite (ca. 3100-2900 BC)) — MDP 31, 037. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Louvre Museum, Paris, France (P009376) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P009376..
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Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.