SAA 14 314. Fragment of a Witness List (ADD 0600)

~655 BCE·Neo-Assyrian·P335519

Translation · reference

High confidence

(Beginning destroyed) (r 1) Witness Ilu-dus[u, ...] of the royal corps. (r 3) Witness Harranayu, [...]. (r 4) Witness Unzarhu-Issar, [...] gardener of [...]. (r 6) Witness Adad-abu-uṣur, chariot fighter of [...]. (r 7) Witness Adad-ereš, from [...]. (r 8) Witness Inurta-zeru-[..., ...]. (Rest destroyed)

Source: Mattila, R. 2002. Legal Transactions of the Royal Court of Nineveh, Part II: Assurbanipal through Sin-šarru-iškun. SAA 14. Helsinki: Helsinki University Press. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/saao/saa14/P335519/

Why it matters

Transliteration

IGI mDINGIR?—du?-ú-⸢su?⸣ [x x x] / ki-ṣir—LUGAL / IGI mURU.KASKAL.2-a.a LÚ.[x x x x] / IGI mun-za-ar-ḫu—15 [x x x] / LÚ.NU.GIŠ.SAR ša [x x x x] / IGI m10—AD—PAB A—SIG ša [x x x x] / IGI m10—KAM-eš TAv ŠÀ ⸢URU⸣.[x x] / IGI mdMAŠ—NUMUN?-x [x x x x]

Scholarly note

Neo-Assyrian legal transaction at the royal court of Nineveh, edited by Raija Mattila (SAA 14, 2002). ORACC text P335519.

Attribution

Image: BM — (British Museum, London, UK) — from Nineveh (mod. Kuyunjik) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (cdli.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/artifacts, P335519). source
Translation excerpted from Mattila, R. 2002. Legal Transactions of the Royal Court of Nineveh, Part II: Assurbanipal through Sin-šarru-iškun. SAA 14. Helsinki: Helsinki University Press. https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/saao/saa14/P335519/.

Related tablets

Related sources

~3200 BCE

Proto-Cuneiform Account Tablet

One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.

~2450 BCE

Stele of the Vultures

The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.

~2100 BCE

Code of Ur-Nammu

The oldest surviving law code in human history. The principle that the state — not the wronged family — defines and enforces justice begins here.