Read Chronology Themes Tablets Engine About

Read
Chronology
Themes
Tablets
Engine
About

Sumerian · Book

Reading the tablets…

Sumerian · Book

The first cities. The first stories. Still here, written in clay.

Explore

Begin reading
Chronology
Themes
Tablet collection
Dossiers

The project

About the project
The engine
Methodology
Sources & licensing
FAQ
Contact & support

Resources

Provenance & ethics
Privacy policy
Terms of use
llms.txt
Sitemap

Independent scholarship · No academic affiliation or institutional funding.

Tablet imagery credited per item.

Home
All tablets

The corpus

All tablets.

Every tablet in the corpus — sortable by date, title or period; filterable by theme and period. Find a name, follow a period, or explore a subject through the records it left behind.

Sort

Oldest first Newest first Title (A–Z)By period

Theme

Religion & Myth Law Economy Astronomy & Mathematics Daily Life Writing & Literature

Period

Ubaid Uruk Period Early Dynastic Akkadian Empire Ur III · Neo-Sumerian Old Babylonian Old Assyrian Middle Babylonian Middle Assyrian Neo-Assyrian Neo-Babylonian Achaemenid Persian

Source

Editorial Sumerian literature Sumerian royal Assyrian royal Assyrian archives

3,607 of 102,257 tablets · 4 filters activeClear filters

501–550 of 3607

Page 11 / 73

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

NM 44.0017

1 gur 3 barig of barley, (by the measure of) Agade; 1 ban of imgaga (emmer) flour; 1 ban of groats; (for) Wadarum. x (units) of barley [......]; (for) Dumu-mešar: 1 gur of barley, 2 barig of dabin-flour, 1 ban of dabin-flour, sa (quality/processing uncertain), 1 (unit) of aromatics, 1 shekel of silver, 1 sila of oil.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

NMS A.1978.439

Obverse / Reverse (no section markers supplied in the source) 1. [60?] (loaves of) bread, 1 (jar of) beer, 1 barig 1 ban (capacity) jug(s); 2. 120? (units of) beer, 4-ban jug(s): 3. Ur-Nintu. 4. 60 (loaves of) bread, (for the) table?: Šu-ilīsu. 5. 60: Lu-lugal-pa'e. 6. 60: the boatman. 7. 4: the Amorite singer(s). 8. 5/6: the man of the steppe. 9. 20 minus 2 (= 18): the men of the (large) cargo-boat, bread from ...[x]... 10. Total: 3×60 + 30 + 4 (= 214) (loaves of) bread, 50? baked; 11. 1? (jar of) beer, 1? barig (n) jug(s); 12. 1 (jar of) beer, flour, jug; 13. 4 ban 3? sila of Akkad-flour; 14…

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

NMS A.1978.440

1. 3 gur 1 barig 4 ban 7 sila of dabin-flour, (measured by the) sag-gal₂ gur; 2. 1 gur 2 barig 3 ban 1 sila of fine flour; 3. 3 gur 3 ban 4 ½(?) sila of groats, gur; 4. 1 gur 3 barig 2 ban of beer-bread, gur; 5. 1 gur 2 barig 2 sila of ba-ba malt, gur; 6. 2(?) gur 2 ban 8 ½(?) sila of malt, gur; 7. flour (and) malt, which went out from the city; 8. labour of 4 days; 9. (at) the Ipa'e canal; 10. received.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

NMSA 3650

Obverse/Reverse (no section markers given in the source): 1. Sesame oil, (by the) Sumerian sila: 2. Enlil-mes (received an unstated amount); 3. 1 sila, Sumerian (measure): 4. NI.TUKU-gal. 5. Lugal-pada 6. (was) its commissioner. 7. Year 2, month 8.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

NYPLC 348

Obverse/Reverse (no section markers in source): 1. Lugal-kisal(?), 2. son of E-u'e, 3. the merchant: 4. 35 workmen; 5. Adab(?): 6. 25 workmen; 7. [...]-x-lugal [... (workman/workmen)]; 8. Total: 61 workmen. 9. Lugal-sigar, 10. the elder (ad-da) of the city, took charge (of them).

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 01

Obverse/Reverse (no side division supplied): 1. 1 (person): Ili-gal, the temple administrator (sanga); 2. 1: Zuzu; 3. 1: Ilulu; 4. 1: Enamra; 5. 1: Ḫulium; 6. 1: Ilala; 7. [1]: Ea-ili; 8. 1: Dan-ili. 9. Total: 10 less 2 (= 8), witnesses 10. (that) Mututu 11. the house to Ilum-azu 12. conveyed (by measuring out).

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 03

1. Egi, 2. the one of Tabsiga; 3. Ešdar-šadu; 4. Warad-Inanna; 5. Mašum, 6. son of Maštum: 7. the witnesses. 1 barig of barley 8. Gi-nunu 9. to Dar-etum 10. gave. 11. Female slave: Ibbubu.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 04

1. 11 shekels of silver, 2. as the price of 1 išdu (plot?) — 1 shekel — 3. Ilum-dan 4. to Pū-Tišpak 5. gave. 6. 1 Ikūnum, 7. son of Inium; 8. 1 Šu-bad3, 9. son of Ši-ersina; 10. 1 Pū-Tišpak, the overseer of the city; 11. the captain (nu-banda3) Iliš-takal; 12. 1 Warad-Tutu, 13. son of Bēlī-guru: 14. (these are) the witnesses (abbūt) 15. of Gusura'um.

Law·Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 05

1. 4 1/3 shekels of silver 2. Mazarsu(?) 3. received. 4. Dingir-kal (Ilum-dān), 5. Ikūnum, 6. Ilī-saliq, 7. Ursuda, 8. UD-kum, 9. Ibbi-bi, 10. Adamu — 11. (these are) the witnesses. 12. [...] house 13. ...-su-du-um. 14. 2 shekels of silver 15. to/for Igini.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 06

1. 1 Dalim, overseer of the city, 2. and 1 Geme-zu, 3. 1 Iptium, 4. 1 Sipa-itum, 5. 1 Mašum, 6. 1 Ilala. 7. Total: 6 witnesses (that) 8. the barley, GA, was consumed; 9. the barley of Naṣir-ili 10. they inspected.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 10

1. Idarak, 2. šūm (= "that of"?) 3. the shepherdhood(?) (sipa!-tum), 4. Mašum, 5. the elder (abba): thus (says) 6. Manunu 7. to Ginunu: 8. in the house which(?) he had (it) brought, 9. for the rest of the purchase price 10. let me weigh out (silver) to you. 11. Come, and 12. ba-dam (meaning unclear).

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 11

1. Warassuni, 2. Babuzum, 3. Sa[di]um, 4. Warad-Inanna — 5. [total: 4] witnesses (are) these. 6. [Thus (says)] Ginunu 7. [to ...]-ratum: 8. 2 reeds (is) the length, 9. 4 cubits (and) a half-cubit (is) the width; 10. for the rear part (urkum), 11. 3 cubits; 12. 3 cubits for the head (top end), 13. (which is) the thin part. 14. [...] if ... the governor (ensi) 15. [...] ... Ilī-diri.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 16

1. the wife of Ilī-karābī; 2. Šaḫu, 3. servant of Sāmiš; 4. Dingir-azu, the merchant; 5. Eštar-alsu, 6. the shepherd of sheep; 7. Amariš, the fuller; 8. Bāni, the bronze(-worker); 9. 1 barig of barley — (paid) in full.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 20

1. 1 barig — Isu-gi 2. 4 ban — Ama-gasur 3. 1 barig — Šu-atum 4. and Dada, the woman 5. 3 ban — Ḫumaza 6. 1 barig — Sunitum 7. 2 ban — Agigi 8. 1 barig — the daughter-in-law (é-gi₄-a)

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 21

1. 3 sila of fine flour, 2. 1 sila (for) the barber, 3. 1 sila (for) Kubabbar-sa, 4. 1 sila (for) the old she-donkey, 5. that which to 6. Šunītum 7. I gave.

Economy·Daily Life

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 23

1. 4 ban: Lilum 2. 3 ban: Ummani 3. 4 ban: Eštar-imittī 4. 5 ban: Geme-suni 5. 4 ban: Ennanu 6. 4 ban: Eštar-ge6 7. GI (reed(s)?) 8. Zuzu 9. Bašušu 10. Bila 11. Tabni

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 25

1. 4 ešgid (ropes) 16 gi (reeds) — north side — (adjoining) KA-mama, the exorcist (maš-maš). 2. 3 ešgid 15½ gi — south side — (adjoining) Ezem. 3. 3 ešgid less 2 gi — (east?) side (im ur) — (adjoining) Arukum. 4. 4 ešgid 5½ gi — west side — that of MUŠ-[...] (and) Allulu. 5. [Its field: n (+)] 9 iku. 6. [...] 7. that of KA-beli; 8. that of Ziba; 9. at the weir (miḫrum) of the Rigitum (canal).

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 26

1. [n] oxen; 2 measuring-ropes (and) 3 reeds, (on) the west side. 2. [n oxen; n (ropes)] 1 measuring-rope (and) 1 reed, (on) the east side. 3. 1 ox; 1 measuring-rope, (on) the south side. 4. 1 ox; 2 measuring-ropes [(and) n] 1 reed, (on) the [north] side. 5. 1 1/2 [measuring-ropes, (on) the] south [side]. 6. 3 measuring-ropes (and) 1 reed, (on) the west side. 7. [n] (bur/eše) 1 iku of field, 20 sar.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 28

1. Eštar-[...] 2. Ašmatum 3. Ilum-nāṣir 4. Aḫu-libūra 5. Eštar-damqat 6. Ilī-dān 7. Aḫa-kaspi 8. La-arab 9. Elusa

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 30

1 Atī'e, [1] Eštar-damqat, [1] Eštar-rabiat, 1 Izzaza, sister of Liburrum, 1 Alili, sister of Abibi, 1 Salimmeni, 1 Eštar-tukultī, 1 Rītum: (they are) kulu'u-personnel.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 34

1. [n+]2 hides of young goats, 2. a namḫaru-vessel (of) flour, 3. 1 (to/for) Dingir-zamu, 4. 2 (to/for) Edin-asu, 5. 2 šakkan-measures of fine ghee, 6. a guzida-garment of wool, 7. 30 (units of) barley, 4 la'aga (of) flour, 8. 2 long (textiles), 9. 1 mina of wool for a belt, 10. 2 šagadu-garments, 11. 1 wool garment, 12. 1 long garment, 13. 2 ḫiḫina.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 35

1. 5 shekels of silver, 2. (that) of a ring (šewirum), 3. 1 shekel of silver, 4. Tesitum; 5. 1 shekel of silver, 6. Ṭāb-ilī; 7. 1 burutum-garment, 8. 1 našpartum-garment, 9. 1 zimtum-garment; 10. 1 shekel of silver he gave (to me); 11. 1 bala-garment I gave to him.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 39

1. ŠUBUR (servants/dependents): 2. Urrim, 3. Libur, 4. Lulu, the copper(-worker), 5. wood [...], 6. Admar, 7. Dingir-gi, 8. Bēlī, 9. son of Bubu, 10. Izur-basu, 11. son of Amatu, foreman of the carpenters.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 45

(Beginning destroyed) [......] [son] of Warassuni, for Isugi, for the oxen, ...... shekel(s) of copper, the leatherworker, those of the bricks; [......] (Break) Dania, Nabium, [...]-zu, Tabni, [...]-ni, [...]-ib. (rest destroyed)

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 46

1. beer of the allotment (šīmtum), 2. and the governor 3. of the allotment; 4. the chief household administrator; 5. beer of the man of [...]; 6. Inanna — gur; 7. eš-ra; 8. barley — HU; 9. silver and (of) the allotment; 10. the female worker of Inanna; 11. Išnun — gur.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 47

(Obverse) 1. sesame oil, 2. emmer flour, 3. [......] 4. [......] 5. AN-[......] 6. Thus (says) [......]: 7. to Zuzu, 8. for barley 9. (of) the soldier(s), 10. to the elder(s), 11. Gudusiš, 12. sesame of Kitim (?), 13. sesame.

Daily Life·Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 48

1. Libur, 2. the leatherworker, 3. in the rear (storeroom); 4. bread (and) oil, 5. flour (and) cake, 6. in the rear (storeroom); 7. Bēlī-[...], 8. tabrium; 9. the kitchen (house of the cook); 10. [...]-at of barley, 11. barley: li-si(?); 12. [...] 13. a guzītum-garment.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 50

1. Dumaga 2. Ummī-Eštar 3. Eštar-ge₆ (Eštar-mī?) 4. Dārētum 5. Bilā, the fowler (mušen-[dù]) 6. Lāwiptum 7. Wazuzu 8. Zuzu 9. Gur-bibi 10. Ilī-abī 11. Tadlultum

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 51

1. [......] the commissioner (maškim), 2. [at the Gate of] Tišpak 3. they swore (an oath). 4. [1: I]li-bani, 5. 1: Lu-ba-[...]-na, 6. 1: Ilulu, 7. son of Ibibi, ... (SAG-x), 8. Darsuba and 9. Gaziru 10. of the oaths.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OAIC 53

1. Thus (says) 2. Ikūnum 3. [t]o Ilum-alsu: 4. Why, 5. (although) I wrote 6. (and) I ... to you (a-ni-er3-kum), 7. (does) the remainder (still stand)? 8–9. Take the road (i.e. set out)! 10. [......] 11. [......]-da-ba 12. The field to Su-bēlī 13. he [g]ave; 14. his flour-ration (zi3-ba) 15. he has not made/prepared.

Daily Life·Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 089

1. 12 sila of beer each (per day), 2. for 7 days; 3. its barley: 2 barig 6 sila — regular provision (sa₂-du₁₁). 4. 4 loaves of bread, first-fruit offering (ne-sag) [...] UMBIN×LU, tall (sukud); 5. [...] 6. its barley: 5 ban. 7. (For) the Emaḫ, 8. consumed by (offering of) Enlil. 9. Month: Akiti.

Economy·Religion & Myth

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 090

(Obverse) 1. 3 cows [...] 2. 1 ox [...] 3. (these are) the property of the maškim-office, 4. in the house of the female workers of the E-maš: it is allotted (al-ba-a-kam). 5. [From] among them: 6. 1 ox, 1 (head), 7. Ur-dingira, the cowherd, 8. from the palace 9. received (took in charge). 10. Month: Du-ku.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 092

1. 3 ban less 1 sila (= 29 sila) of fine beer, 2. 1 (gur) 1 ban 2 sila of (ordinary) beer, 3. 2 ban of groats; 4. its barley (equivalent): 1 barig 1 ban 3½ sila — 5. issued (expended). 6. Mesag. 7. Month: Bahir(?) ... igi.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 098

1. 2 jars of lard, 2. 51 select (personnel), 3. 20 musicians, 4. ib-še (?), 5. (at) the festival of še-[...]; 6. 2/3 sila of [oil]: 7. Išbe-E[lili]; 8. oil expended (booked expenditure). 9. Ur-dingira, the barber.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 101

1. 1 (jar) of good-quality beer, 2. 1 (jar) of ordinary beer: 3. Igmulum, the cupbearer; 4. 4 (jars) of ordinary beer: 5. the Gutians — 6. E'a-muda 7. [...], the commissioner (maškim), 8. brought (it). 9. Total: 1 (jar) of good-quality beer; 10. total: 5 (jars) of ordinary beer. 11. Expenditure of Mesag. 12. Month: Še-sag-saga.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 102

1. 10 sila of beer: 2. Ur-Nisaba; 3. 10 sila: Bēlī-dabum; 4. 4 sila: Geš-šu, 5. the man of Eliš-mani; 6. Šu-ilī, 7. the man of the chief administrator of the household. 8. Total: 1 (measure) of beer; 9. its barley: 2 ban. 10. Expenditure 11. (from) the household of Sukkal-gesi. 12. Month 'Ab-e': expenditure.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 104

(Beginning destroyed) [...] 34 donkeys, [assorted], (are) stationed (present); 13 oxen, assorted, 10 donkeys, assorted, expended; 74½ oxen, [assorted], 7[0+ ...] donkeys, assorted — deficit: fallen (dead) animals.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 105

1. [1] shekel of sil[ver], 2. [...] egg-shaped bead(s), 3. [...] barley, 4. [Su]bari[an] (Subartu-type), 5. 1 ...-NI of silver, (by the) shekel, 6. 1 ring, 7. 2 toggle-pins of bronze (and) copper.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 106

1. 8 copper ḫar-an (rings), 2. their weight: 21 mina (and) 1/3 (mina); 3. 1 mina minus 5 shekels of copper 4. for pegs (nails) for the ḫar-an (rings); 5. 1/3 (mina) of copper: 6. copper dagger-pegs (rivets). 7. [Total: 22 1/2] mina 5 shekels of copper, 8. returned to hand (received/accounted for). 9. Lugal-ku, the smith(?).

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 107

1. [n sila of ghee], good (quality), 2. (for) the governor; 3. [n sila of] sesame [oil], good (quality), 4. [...] ... ... [...]; 5. 1 sila(?) ...-dub, (for) the lady / Nin- 6. ka-[...]; 7. 1 sila [...]; 8. 1/3 sila less [...]. 9. Total: 1 sila of ghee, good (quality); 10. total: 6 sila of sesame oil, good (quality). 11. Oil expended (booked as expenditure). 12. [...]-kalle.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 116

1. 70 (nindan) is the length (sag), 44 1/2 (nindan); 2. 315 (nindan) is the side (us2), various (hi-a); 3. its field (area): 10 bur; 4. Šarru-dūrī. 5. Field of the Sug-gal-mah.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 118

1. 4 sila of [lard], 2. the messenger (našparum) used (it); 3. (he is) the chief fuller. 4. ½ sila — (for) bronze (it) was used; 5. Ur-Ninazu, the smith. 6. Dugani 7. (was) commissioner. 8. ½ sila — (for) the royal weapon(s), the uzga-personnel; 9. Lu-Ašgi (was) commissioner. 10. Total: 5 sila of lard. 11. Oil expended, (account of) Ur-dingir[a].

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 119

1. 3 jars of lard — 2. (for) the household managers of the expedition; 3. Si-du, the scribe (was responsible). 4. 3 sila (of lard) — the (captive) booty of Elam 5. anointed (themselves) with it; 6. the manager of the house (was) commissioner. 7. 2/3 (sila) — Lugal-iri, the commissioner of barley. 8. [2/3 (sila)] — Meme; 9. [...]-al, the envoy, 10. (was) commissioner. 11. 1 (jar) — Ur-Enlila, the oil-presser. 12. Total: 4 jars (and) 4 1/3 sila of lard, 13. oil expended; 14. it is (the account) of Ur-dingira.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 123

1. 10 (jars of) fine beer, 2. 10 (jars of) ordinary beer: 3. Subir-a, the gal5-la2 officer, 4. Ur-sa6-e brought (them). 5. 1 (jar of) ordinary beer: 6. Ur-mer-za. 7. Expenditure (zi-ga) 8. (from) the brewery (e2-bappir).

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 124

1. 8 sheep — 2. Lugal-keš; 3. 7 sheep — 4. A-ni-ta. 5. Total: 15 sheep, 6. sheep that went out from the city. 7. Ur-ME took charge (of them). 8. (This is) the 4th time.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 126

3 sila less 2/3 (sila) of lard, for treating leather, (for) Išbi-ilī; 1 sila (for) the ama-maš (women), Ašgi-dalu received (it). Total: 4 sila less 2/3 (sila) of lard — fat, (the) expenditure of Ur-dingira.

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 127

Obverse 1. 6 fat-tailed sheep, 2. 3 kids, 3. 13 mountain sheep; 4. total: 22 sheep (and goats). 5. Ka-ka 6. gave (them) to him. 7. 9 fat-tailed sheep, 8. 10 mountain sheep, 9. [...] minus 1 kids. (rest of the supplied text ends here)

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 128

1. 16 [(units of) ordinary beer] 2. the work-troop received; 3. [...] ordinary beer 4. [...]-me (?) 5. [...] ordinary beer 6. [...] 7. [...] ... [...] 8. ...-sag-e received; 9. [To]tal: 20 minus 1 (= 19) (units of) ordinary beer, 10. expended. 11. ... [...]

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 131

1. [5] sila of ghee, 2. 2 ban of cheese: 3. Ur-teš. 4. 2 sila of ghee, 5. 1 ban of cheese: 6. Ur-Mama. 7. [To]tal: 7 sila of ghee. 8. [To]tal: 3 ban of cheese. 9. ... [...] (rest broken)

Economy

~2270 BCE·Akkadian EmpireOur engine

OIP 014, 142

1. 1 kid — 2. Kuli; 3. 1 kid — Ur-Enlil, 4. son of Šuše; 5. 1 sheep, bar (-category), (for) the provisioner (ua); 6. [...-En]lila, the cultivator. 7. [To]tal: 1 sheep, bar (-category), 2 kids — 8. mašdaria-offering(s).

Economy

← Previous

1…10 11 12…73