Aleppo 109

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-Sumerian·P100441

Translation — curated editorial

Editorial

Experimental

Editorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P100441.

Transliteration

1(u) gu2 ma-nu
ki ukken-ne2-ta
lugal-ezem szu ba-ti
sza3 bala-a
iti e2-iti-6(disz)
mu us2-sa a-ra2 3(disz@t)-kam si
lugal-ezem
dub-sar
dumu lugal-e2-mah-e
szabra

Scholarly note

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — Aleppo 109. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

Attribution

Image: National Museum of Syria, Aleppo, Syria (P100441) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P100441..

Related tablets

Related sources

~3200 BCE

Proto-Cuneiform Account Tablet

One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.

~3500 BCE

Kish Tablet

Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.

~2450 BCE

Stele of the Vultures

The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.