Position in chronology
AnOr 07, 075
Translation — curated editorial
EditorialEditorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P101370.
Transliteration
1(disz) udu niga sa2-du11 siskur2 inanna sza3 e2-gal 1(disz) udu niga 1(disz) masz2-gal niga mu nin s,e-lu-usz-da-gan-sze3 1(disz) masz2 nin-sun2 2(disz) udu u2 4(disz) masz2 ba-usz2 e2-gal-la ba-an-kux(KWU147) iti-ta u4 2(u) 7(disz) ba-ra-zal zi-ga ur-lugal-edin-ka iti szu-esz5-sza mu ki-masz ba-hul
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — AnOr 07, 075. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Montserrat Museum, Barcelona, Spain (P101370) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P101370..
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One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.