Position in chronology
AnOr 07, 144
Translation — curated editorial
EditorialEditorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P101439.
Transliteration
1(disz) gu4 4(u) 8(disz) udu masz2-hi-a si-i3-tum la2-i3 be-li2-du10 kuruszda ib2-su-su iti sze-sag11-ku5 mu en nanna masz2-e i3-pa3 la2-ia3 1(disz) gu4 la2-ia3 4(u) 8(disz) udu masz2 hi-a kiszib3 be-li2-du10 kuruszda iti sze-sag11-ku5 mu en nanna masz2-e i3-pa3 be-li2-du10 kuruszda szul-gi-<si2>-im-tum-ma
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — AnOr 07, 144. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Montserrat Museum, Barcelona, Spain (P101439) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P101439..
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Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.