Position in chronology
ArOr 62, 245 I 876
Translation — curated editorial
EditorialEditorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P101893.
Transliteration
6(disz) gurusz u4 1(u)-sze3 kun-zi-da amusz gub-ba 3(disz) gurusz u4 1(u)-sze3 en-du8-du-ta ga2-nun gaba e2 lugal-sze3 gi ga6-ga2 6(disz) gurusz u4 8(disz)-sze3 kasz-de2-a lugal umma-sze3 gen-na ugula lugal-za-e3 kiszib3 ur-lugal-ka mu gu-za ku3 en-lil2-la2 ba-dim2 [ur-lugal] dub-[sar] dumu da-a-[gi4]
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — ArOr 62, 245 I 876. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (P101893) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P101893..
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One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.