Position in chronology
CDLJ 2012/1 §3.05
Translation — curated editorial
EditorialEditorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P416405.
Transliteration
1(u) 5(asz) sze gur kiszib3 ba-a-a szabra 2(u) sze gur kiszib3 szul-gi-a-ti kiszib3 dabx(U8)-ba ki ARAD2-ta kiszib3# lu2#-giri17#-zal# iti li9-si4 mu# us2#-sa# e2# puzur4#-da-gan ba-du3 ur-li9-si4 ensi2 umma [lu2-giri17-zal] [...]
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — CDLJ 2012/1 §3.05. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, Massachusetts, USA (P416405) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P416405..
Related tablets
Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.