Position in chronology
CST 684
Translation — curated editorial
EditorialEditorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P108201.
Transliteration
3(asz) 1(barig) sze gur mu-kux(DU) giri3-ru 3(barig) a-na-da-hul 1(barig) ur-lugal 1(asz) gur lugal-amar-ku3 5(asz) gur ki ur-am3-ma#?-ta# mu-kux(DU) sze gurx(|SZE.KIN|)-gurx(|SZE.KIN|)# [...] sza3 e2-kikken gibil iti sze-kar-ra-gal2-la mu us2-sa ma2 en-ki ba-ab-du8
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — CST 684. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: John Rylands Library, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (P108201) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P108201..
Related tablets
Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.