Position in chronology
CUSAS 16, 007
Translation — curated editorial
EditorialEditorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P416163.
Transliteration
1(gesz'u) 1(gesz2) gurusz u4 1(disz)-sze3 al ak 1(gesz'u) 2(gesz2) 3(u) gurusz u4 1(disz)-sze3 nig2-gul ak ki-sar iti szu-numun 1(gesz'u) 3(u) gurusz u4 1(disz)-sze3 al ak 1(gesz'u) 6(disz) gurusz u4 1(disz)-sze3 nig2-gul ak 6(gesz2) 3(u) gurusz u4 1(disz)-sze3 tu-ra asz!? iti munu4-gu7 he2-dab5-me a-sza3 u2-szim-ba-ba6 mu en eridu#
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — CUSAS 16, 007. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Columbia University Library, New York, New York, USA (P416163) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P416163..
Related tablets
Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.