Position in chronology
HLC 054 frags. (pl. 024)
Translation — curated editorial
EditorialEditorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P109932.
Transliteration
[...] x [...] [...]-su [...]-x [x] lu2#-ba-ba6 [dumu]-ni-me 4(disz) ur-mes# dumu nig2-x-[x] 4(disz) ur-x-[x] 2(disz) ur-nin#-[...] 1(u) 1(disz) dub-ba [...] x sza3 gir2?-su?[] zi#-ga ensi2 mu# us2-sa ki-masz [...]
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — HLC 054 frags. (pl. 024). No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Oriental Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA (P109932) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P109932..
Related tablets
Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.