Tavolette 243

~2064 BCE·Ur III · Neo-Sumerian·P132028

Translation · reference

Experimental

Source: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P132028.

Why it matters

Transliteration

2(disz) udu niga
dingir-ba-ni szabra
1(disz) sila4
e#-te#-el4-pu3-da-gan
mu#-kux(DU)
a2-bi2-li2-a
i3-dab5
iti ses-da-gu7
mu us2-sa bad3 ma-da ba-du3

Scholarly note

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — Tavolette 243. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Šulgi y31 — Year after: The frontier wall was built based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.

Attribution

Image: Museo di Antichità di Torino, Turin, Italy (P132028) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P132028..

Related tablets

Related sources

~3200 BCE

Proto-Cuneiform Account Tablet

One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.

~3500 BCE

Kish Tablet

Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.

~2450 BCE

Stele of the Vultures

The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.