Position in chronology
SA 015
Translation · reference
ExperimentalSource: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P128598.
Why it matters
Transliteration
1(disz) udu 1(disz) u8 1(disz) sila4 1(disz) masz2-gal ba-usz2 u4 1(u) la2 1(disz@t)-kam sza3 tum-ma-al ki en-dingir-mu-ta szul-gi-iri-mu szu ba-ti iti a2-ki-ti mu en nanna ba-hun
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — SA 015. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format). [year-name] Dated to Šulgi y15 — The en-priest of Nanna was installed based on canonical year-name formula in the transliteration.
Attribution
Image: Institut Catholique, Paris, France ? (P128598) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P128598..
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Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.