Read Chronology Themes Tablets Engine About

Menu

Read
Chronology
Themes
Tablets
Engine
About

Sumerian · Book

Reading the tablets…

A curated narrative reconstruction of humanity's first great civilization, sourced from the tablets themselves. Open scholarship, beautifully accessible.

The site

About the project The engine Dossiers FAQ Methodology Sources & licensing Provenance & ethics Contact & support

Legal

Privacy policy Terms of use llms.txt Sitemap

Independent scholarship · No academic affiliation · No institutional funding · Tablet imagery attributed per item via CDLI, ETCSL, ORACC, Wikimedia, and public museum collections.

Home
All tablets

The corpus

All tablets.

Every tablet in the corpus — sortable by date, title or period; filterable by theme and period. Use the controls below or change the URL parameters directly.

Search

Sort

Oldest first Newest first Title (A–Z)By period

Theme

Religion & Myth Law Economy Astronomy & Mathematics Daily Life Writing & Literature

Period

Ubaid Uruk Period Early Dynastic Akkadian Empire Ur III · Neo-Sumerian Old Babylonian Old Assyrian Middle Babylonian Middle Assyrian Neo-Assyrian Neo-Babylonian Achaemenid Persian

Source

Editorial Sumerian literature Sumerian royal Assyrian royal Assyrian archives

3,123 of 102,257 tablets · 5 filters activeClear filters

251–300 of 3123

Page 6 / 63

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

FTP 067

1 asz 3 barig of beer, [measured in] sila: Ur-ni. 1 asz: U2-KA. 2 barig: E2-ur2-bi-du10. 1 barig: Nin-ig-gal. 1 asz: Enlil-a2-mah.

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

FTP 072

13 sila of beer; 3 sila of beer — [from/at] Zaningata: [x] 2 sila of beer, [x x] AN[...], 17 sila of beer — Ur-ni.

Economy

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

FTP 073

7 sila of beer — Ur-ni [...] 4? [sila] — the courier's house 4 [sila] — Enlil-amah 1 [sila] — Munus-ma [...] 2 barig of beer [in sila] [...]-si [...] from Za-sudu 2 barig [of ...] [...]

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

FTP 078

Lu-iri-sari'g: 1 TAR-jar of barley-beer. Ur-Ur: 1 TAR-[jar] of barley-beer. Lu-Adab: 1 ba-an-ASZ-measure of barley-beer. Lu-Umma.

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

FTP 079

2 shekels of silver — Ezi 2 (shekels) — Mes-pa3 2 (shekels) — Ur-šubur 1 (shekel) — Lu-nanam 1 (shekel) — Engar-zi 1 (shekel) — Šubur 1 (shekel) — Ur-nin-USŠ scribe

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

FTP 083

8 (units), gu2-u2: ki-ni-gi4 30 (units): house of Ušumgal 30 (units): Sud-Anzu — pig-keeper (šušₓ) 15 (units): Ur-tur (gu2-szu-du8) 15 (units): Sud 12 (units): [house of] Zi — the cook

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

FTP 092

2 barig — Ur-Lugal-DU[?] [...] Lugal-na-[ri]-ga [...] [...] di-Utu 1 barig 3 ban2 — [[sag]-A]-DU[?]-ba[?]-sum 2 barig 4 ban2 — Lu2-AB-DU-GA2[?] 1 barig 2 ban2 — Enlil-pa3[?], KISAL (courtyard) 1 barig 2 ban2[?] — AB [...] [...] [...] x KA x [...] 2 ban2 — Ku5-da (Overseer of the courtyard) 3 barig barley — Ur-ig-[gal?] 2 barig — U2-RU-[...] [x +] 1 barig — Ur-[...]

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

FTP 105

[x] 2 áš, [x] sila of clarified butter; 3 áš, [x] sila of processed milk — (for) Enki. 3 áš 3 barig of oil, (measured) in sila — Lugal-meslam. [...] AN-AN. 2 áš 2 barig — Nin-kur; 2 áš 2 barig — Nu-muš-da; 2 áš 2 barig — Nin-PA-unken-gal. Di-Utu, herdsman. 3 áš 3 barig — Nin-me-šu-[du7]; 3 áš [x] — Nin-[x]; 3 áš [x x].

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

FTP 106

Entry 1: 2 asz of prime dairy cream, KA-GABA [type]; 2 asz of ba-an-ASZ-tur cream; é-gissu-du10 ('House of the Good Shade'); [mes(?)]-sanga-[...] (temple administrator); Nin-kin-nir. Entry 2: 2 asz of prime dairy cream, KA-GABA [type]; 2 asz of [ba-an-ASZ]-tur [cream]; [...] [damaged — signs unreadable]. Entry 3: 2 asz of prime dairy cream, KA-GABA [type]; 2 asz of ba-an-ASZ-tur [cream].

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

Kress 151

20, hand-deficit, [in the] Dilmun(?) gur[-measure] 420 + 20, hand-deficit [LAK240] — that is its [total] 8(?), hand-deficit, [x] gur 40 minus 2, hand-deficit Musicians — that is [their] dairy-ration Life[-ration] Given to An[-na] Month: [Sacred Mound]

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MRAH O.5011

[n+]2 barig of gamur, [n] sila3 of bronze — Ur-gu, cupbearer, House of NE-DAG; [table?] [sag-x?] GA-duh-hum, Ab-zi. 2 ban2 of gamur — Ur-gu, cook, House of the cook; Ištaran — via him — šuš3.

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MRAH O.5012

24 [barley ...] al-mu (?) 24 — URIx 10 — Giri-ni men of the wall (?) Barley of the house of Šà-lu boat of Lugal-iti-da An-si Month: du6-ku3 ("pure mound") Month: nig2-kiri6 ("orchard") given to An-na Month — 9 days elapsed [of/at] Adab these are the witnesses

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

MRAH O.5014

15 [capacity units] — fat/oil(?) [...] [UMBIN×UDU compound] Ibbūbu 15 [capacity units] — Šeš-pada 16 [capacity units] — for Lugal-ra 8 [capacity units] — Šimdu Via his comptroller/inspector (He) delivered (it) Barley-ration cutting

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

OSP 1, 125

[1] Lugal-en-il₂, the mu₆-sub₃ official; 1 scribe; 1 bara₂-gan-nu-di; 1 niĝ-iri-a-zi; 1 niĝ-lum-ma.

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

RTC 007

1 gur of flour — [for?] ag[...?] 20 sila3 of flour (and) garlic 10 (sila3 of) barley (and) natron — Tirash 1 barig of malt-flour, divided (into portions) [1 gur?] of flour (with) natron(?) — Enki 1 barig of dark bread (with) flour 10 (sila3) of dark flour (and) garlic dark bread (for) the king 80 sila3 of barley-flour 1 gur of fine flour — An-ki 1 barig of bread-ration (per head)

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

SF 002

šud₃ of the mountain-land, surpassing [all others] e-lum that covers [the sky?] [...] [...] toward/of [barley?] [...] [...] (broken) e-lum of the righteous/true crown The house (temple) whose interior canopies the sky — (sweet as) honey e-lum with [prayer?] beside it Mistress of [the sea / cattle-stall], of Anzû

Writing & Literature

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

SF 003

[...] (broken) [...] (broken) [1] Nin-zadim 1 Alam-i 2 Nin-iri-ša [1] Lugal-[...] 1 [...]-GAL-[...] 1 A₂-la₂(?)-[...] 1 [...]-buru₅

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

SF 004

1 — Nintinugga [1] — Ninnigar [1] — AMA-[x]-GAN [...] — x (broken) [1] — NAM-A-[x-(x)] (uncertain) [1] — NAM-NUN 1 — for the palace (e₂-gal) 1 — KISAL-SI 1 — En-zida 1 — Amar-MI-ZA [...] — x (broken)

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

SF 025

[...] (illegible) Ur-Inanna Ku-lili Si-du [A?]-|SAGxHA|-NE Mes-abzu Ur-Nisaba Mes-pa Zu-[la?]-lum Woman-[...] Nu-[...] ([...]) [illegible]

Writing & Literature

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 002

4 donkeys — sig7-[LAK046·LAK046] breed — Lumma; 5 donkeys — [LAK046·LAK046] breed — NE-lum; 5 men who did not go out with [them]; 9,734 [LAK046·LAK046]-type donkeys; yellow-green donkeys — in the care of Ama-gan.

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 010

2 donkeys — [yellow-]green SZUL-SZUL [category] NE-LUM [uncertain qualifier] 9 donkeys — SZUL [category] lu2 [official] — mu-e3 [disbursement notation] 5 SZUL-SZUL lum-ma [uncertain qualifier] 16 SZUL-SZUL

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 014

4 donkeys — Darda 1 — AK-nab, overseer of the construction workers 1 — Dingir-nu-me, construction worker 1 — Dumu-Anzu, leather-worker 2 — E2-na, (of) Lagaš 2 — E2-la-lum, (of) Adab [total outstanding:] 2¾ plow-donkeys Single tablet

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 019

4 donkeys — AK-NE-li; 3 [donkeys] to/for KA-ki-bi; 4 uru₁₈ [donkeys]; 1 nig₂-ḫu-bu₇ [donkey]; 2 [donkeys] — Lumma, orchard-keeper; 2 [donkeys] — ki-ni; 2 [donkeys] — kun-du₆, fisherman; UR-UR; [heading:] an-šè₃-gu₂: 4½ plow donkeys — UR-UR.

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 020

90 plow-donkeys 33 plow-donkeys 41 plow-donkeys 31 plow-donkeys city donkeys 11 farmers 11 farmers 6 farmers 6 farmers donkey-driver(s) an-sze3-gu2 196(!) plow-donkeys [total] city donkeys 34 farmers royal laborers

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 021

2 donkeys — son of Hax-NE; 2 from the flank — herald Nag-su; 2 — AK-dingir / Nag-su; 1 — Utu-šita, scribe; Lu-zi, scribe. New tablet.

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 043

5 iku of field — Me-maḫ-nu-sa 5 iku — Abzu-ki-du₁₀ 1 eše 3 iku — Gal-la 2 iku — Ada-DUR₂ 5 iku — Anzu [Category:] farmers [of/at] An-še-gu₂ Total: 1 bur 1 eše 2 iku of field Lumma

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 055

11 gur-mah + 2 barig of barley — great granary (ganun-mah); 6 gur of barley; 3½ [gur] + 2 barig — granary (ganun); [category:] gur2-gur2 [heaped/piled grain]; seed grain (sze-numun); [grand total thereof (an-sze3-gu2):] 21 gur-mah of barley — [designated] seed grain (sze-numun); [associated field area:] 3 bur'u + 7 bur3 + 1 esze3 + 3 iku.

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 059

1 iku of field — Lugal-ezen 1 iku — Ur-[…]-HA 3 iku — Ur-lamma 3 iku — Ur-nin-girinx 3 iku — E₂-kur-pa-e₃ 1 eše₃ — Amar-šuba₃ 4 iku — AN-sag-tuku 3 iku — AN-URUDU-si 1 eše₃ — Il 3 iku — Anzu ½ iku — A-NI-NI ½ iku — Usz

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 064

10 [units] sealed in storage — Mes-u4-ba; 4 [units] sealed in storage, 1 [unit] consumed — Nin-ul4-gal; 2 [units] sealed in storage — AN-ur2-sze3, shepherd; 3 [units] of barley(?) sealed in storage, 1 [unit] inner allocation — 23 [units]: palace; 16 [units]: [...]

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 079

[x +] 1 kor? of barley — received: — delivered. 2 barig, 2 ban of barley — disbursed: tagx-allocation, [person of the] boat, Mes-pa3. 2 kor, tagx-allocation, malt: 1 kor? [x] barig, Ur-sud3, boatman, Lugal-en-lil2. [...] 2 barig, reed-mat [work] — delivered.

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 080

5 gur 3 barig of stored barley — En-hegal; 2 gur [2 barig?] — Me-pa-e3; 1 gur — Bil-a-nu-kusz2; 1 gur — Adda; 2 gur 2 barig — Pa-nin-gal, Me-me; 1 gur — AN-nu-me; 1 gur — Amar-Isin.

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 085

177 gur-mah of barley — Lugal-a[2]-mah: 108 [gur-mah for] e2-KA-nun; 87½ [gur-mah]; 36½ [gur-mah] — si-du3; 239 gur-mah; 51½ + 1 barig of barley, [standard] gur, [for] 2; 408 of barley, [standard] gur — Sud-Anzu.

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 088

2 large gur of barley — Sa12-du5; 2 large gur, |DUMUxNUN|-šita — PA-sud3; 2 large gur, lamma — ka-guru7; 1 large gur, a-LAK358-si — IB; 1 large gur, munus-geštin — sukkal.

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 090

1½ gur-mah of barley — [for] Munus-geštin ('Vine-Woman'); 6 barig [for] A-pa-e; [...] 2 barig(?) [for] An-dab-[si]; x [...]; 1 gur-mah(?) x-[...]; [n gur-mah for] Bil-a-nu-kuz; 1 gur-mah(?) [for] Ad-[da?]; [...] x; [responsible official:] the herdsman (na-gada).

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 092

182 male workers — Uruk; 192 — Adab; 94 — Nippur; 60 — Lagash; 56 — Šuruppak; 86 — Umma. Men who have been stationed [in these cities], [throughout] Sumer — dispatched [and] delivered, [and] handed over. Grand total: 670 male workers [who] have been stationed.

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 093

1,532 male workers (guruš); 39 (= 40 less 1) child construction workers (dumu-dumu šitim); 41 female workers (geme₂); an-še₃-gu₂ [subtotal]; 1,612 persons receiving rations (lu₂ nig₂-gu₇); 47 (= 50 less 3) persons [of] Kiš — delivered (DU)

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 094

122 workmen — men stationed at Uruk; 215 — Adab; 74 — Nippur; 110 — Lagash; 66 — Šuruppak; 128 — Umma. Grand total: 650 workmen [600 + 60, minus 10], men stationed in Sumer.

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 101

670 workers — battle muster — deployed (their) food rations 1,612 workers assembly (their) food rations oil — [fine/sesame]

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 109

[1] Ur-Utu [1] Lu-lal 1 E-munus 1 E-na-lu-lu 1 En-kas4 1 En-abzu-mud 1 E-šeš 1 Amar-edin 1 Lam-ma 1 Lu-siki-USZ-AK

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 116

13 bread-rations of (one) sila (each) — [for] Lugal-nig-ba-bara-du; 12 — Ur-ab-si[?]; 7 — (for) the settled farmer; [...] ...[KA?]...

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 122

1 Amar-PA 1 Illu-sar 1 Nin-ukken-a[?] 1 Lu-lu [...] 1 Dingir-šeš-mu Nin-ur-sag — overseer 1 Adda 1 Mes-[...]-x 1 Lu-na-nam 1 Utu-a-mu 1 Nani Utu-ur-sag

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 123

[...]-x [...]-zi 3 (units) — Ni2-kur-ra 3 (units) — USZ 3 (units) — AK-sud3 3 (units) — Ur-saga-ta 2 (units) — Ur-[...] [x units?] GI[?] [...] 3 (units) — Pa-en-da[-...] 2 (units) — Sud3-[...] 2 (units) — Nin-[...] 2 (units) — Šeš-[...] 2 (units) — [...]-[...] 3 (units) — AN-[...] 3 (units) — [...]

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 136

10 garments: Su-mu-aštar[,] man [PN PN —] [...broken...] [...] [traces —] minister[;] 1 (garment): Nanna, cupbearer; 1 (garment): Šeš-gu10; 1 [and] 3 barig: Utu-ursag, barber, temple administrator; 14 garments: e2-šud3-du10, chief of Dilmun.

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 139

5⅓ gin₂ (sheqels) of silver; 1 aktum-garment — [he] carried/received: Ur-Enki, son of NI-ba-hi-li. He owes [it] with him. His feet were seized [he has been detained]. HE2-e2-gal — bar (separate category/section); NI-hi-li, his fuller (textile-worker) — Ku3-an: unknown.

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 140

10 (units of) clarified butter — (for) the Uri₃ storehouse; 10 (for) En-kaš₄; 2 (for) [DUMU×NUN]-šita; 2 (for) Ur-Utu; 2 (for) the donkey-overseer; 1 (for) Tug₂-TE-DU; 1 (for) Lú-SI; 2 (for) the physician; 2 (for) Lamma; 5 (for) the gardener; 1 (for) Šeš-tur; 1 (for) En-abzu-mud; 1 (for) Nig₂-lugud-da; Grand total: clarified butter — 40.

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 141

899 [units of] standard gamurx; 8 [units] 3 ban2 of gamurx — sealed receipt (šu-kam4 lid2-ga); 20 [units] minus 1 barig 3 ban2 of gamurx — hand-touching receipt (šu-tag lid2-ga); [Under] na-gada (the cowherd). 111 [units of] standard gamurx; 1 [unit] 1 barig of gamurx — sealed receipt (šu-kam4 lid2-ga); 2 barig 3 ban2 of gamurx — hand-touching [received]; [Under] unu3 (the herdsman). Grand total: [1,0]10 [units of] standard gamurx; 9 [units] 1 barig 3 ban2 of gamurx — sealed receipt (šu-kam4 lid2-ga); 20 [units] 1 barig of gamurx — hand-touching receipt (šu-tag lid2-ga).

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 142

1,200 [units of] si-|NUxU| 1,200 [units of] |(TIR&TIR)xU2| — [for] ensi-GAR — [and] lord Zi-u4-di 60 [units of] si-|NUxU| — [for] the Chief of Dilmun — [and] the Subarians (dependent workers) — [and] the barber — [and] the temple administrator of GAR 90 [units of] si-|NUxU| — [for] the son of the Chief of Dilmun — [and] GAR-HU-DUR2-BU — [and] the kinda2-worker

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 145

170 dates — standard allocation — Adab, ha-ur2 350 dates — standard allocation — eagle [...] 100 dates — standard allocation — festival of the courtyard 180 dates — standard allocation — gal-UN

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

WF 151

20 minas of copper — a-NI-NI 20 [minas] — é-Ḫursag 20 [minas] — é-en-ra 20 [minas] — Iškur 20 [minas] — é-zi[-pa-e₃] 4 [minas] — Ur-gibil 4 [minas] — Amar-KISAL-NUN 4 [minas] — [Dumu-x-]NUN-šita 4 [minas] — munus-ki-nu-zu 4 [minas] — šita 20 [minas] — a-si₄ [x x — illegible] Total: 140 minas of copper

~2550 BCE·Early DynasticOur engine

CT 50, 015

2 garments, 2 linen [garments] — U5-ri the carpenter. The bailiff [who will] return [them]: to the storehouse they are to be brought. 1 [and] 1/2 garments. The king's bailiff. A-ḫu-ti has returned [them]. To Mes-lu2-nu [they were] brought along.

1…5 6 7…63