Aleppo 312

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-Sumerian·P100644

Translation — curated editorial

Editorial

Experimental

Editorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P100644.

Transliteration

9(gesz2) 5(u) 4(barig) 2(ban2) 6(disz) sila3 sze gur lugal
a2 ma2 hun-ga2
2(u) 7(asz) sze gur
esir2-a sa10-a
1(u) 2(asz) sze gur
mi-ri2-za
sa10-a
ki ARAD2-ta
lugal-e-ba-<an>-sa6
szu ba-ti
mu bad3 ba-du3

Scholarly note

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — Aleppo 312. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

Attribution

Image: National Museum of Syria, Aleppo, Syria (P100644) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P100644..

Related tablets

Related sources

~3200 BCE

Proto-Cuneiform Account Tablet

One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.

~3500 BCE

Kish Tablet

Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.

~2450 BCE

Stele of the Vultures

The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.