Position in chronology
CDLJ 2015/3 §2.31
Translation — curated editorial
EditorialEditorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P404810.
Transliteration
1(disz) masz2 szesz-zi-mu 1(disz) sila4 puzur4-esz18-dar 1(disz) sila4 kal-la 2(disz) sila4 nu-i3-da 2(disz) sila4 zabar-dab5! 1(disz) sila4 ur-suen# dumu-lugal 2(disz) sila4 ensi2 nibru mu-kux(DU) iti szu-esz5-sza mu si-mu-ru-um u3 lu-lu-bu a-ra2 1(u) la2 1(disz@t)-kam-asz ba-hul u4 2(u) 4(disz)-kam
Scholarly note
Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — CDLJ 2015/3 §2.31. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).
Attribution
Image: Oriental Museum, University of Durham, Durham, UK (P404810) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P404810..
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Related sources
One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.
Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.
The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.