JMEOS 12, 41 3489

~2050 BCE·Ur III · Neo-Sumerian·P112311

Translation — curated editorial

Editorial

Experimental

Editorial entry — translation cited from: CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P112311.

Transliteration

4(u) 2(disz) ha-bu3-da
ki-la2-bi 1(u) 5(disz) ma-na 1(u) 1(disz) gin2
1(gesz2) 3(u) 2(disz) gur10
ki-la2-bi 1(u) 1(disz) 2/3(disz) ma-na 5(disz) gin2
kin gesztin-na-ba
ki da-da-ga-ta
ur-szara2-ke4 in-la2
iti min-esz3
mu us2-sa ki-masz ba-hul mu us2-sa-a-bi

Scholarly note

Catalogue entry from CDLI (Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)) — JMEOS 12, 41 3489. No scholarly translation has been published; the transliteration is from the ATF (CDLI's Atf-Friendly format).

Attribution

Image: Manchester Museum, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (P112311) — Photo via Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. source
Translation excerpted from CDLI raw catalogue, no published translation. P-number P112311..

Related tablets

Related sources

~3200 BCE

Proto-Cuneiform Account Tablet

One of the earliest specimens of human writing. Not literature, not law — accounting. The need to keep track of grain in a temple bureaucracy is what pushed marks-on-clay into a system that could one day carry epics.

~3500 BCE

Kish Tablet

Marks the boundary between proto-writing and writing. We can see signs being used systematically — but not yet phonetically. The leap to recording speech itself comes a few centuries later.

~2450 BCE

Stele of the Vultures

The earliest historical document in human history. Before this, we have lists, accounts, and dedications. Here, for the first time, a ruler tells us what happened — with names, places, and consequences.